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<p>Nitrate injection has emerged as one of the most widely used methods for managing reservoir souring. However, due to the variability in oilfield reservoir conditions and the dependence of microbial activity on environmental factors, sulfide mitigation using nitrate treatment is not always consistently effective. This study aimed to gather data to enhance the effectiveness of nitrate treatment in preventing the biogenic formation of H₂S gas under thermophilic conditions (40&#xa0;°C), particularly in relation to salinity—a relationship that has not been thoroughly explored. A two-variable Doehlert experimental design was employed to evaluate the effects of nitrate (30–110&#xa0;ppm) and salinity (3–10% w/v NaCl) on dissolved sulfide concentrations. The model predictions and response surface analysis revealed that nitrate treatment had a limited impact on sulfide generation at the highest salinity levels. However, nitrate addition was more effective in mitigating sulfide formation under higher salinity conditions. Furthermore, variations in nitrate levels led to significant changes in the microbial community. A high abundance of the <i>Vibrio</i> genus was observed at the lowest nitrate concentration, which gradually decreased as nitrate concentration increased. At the highest nitrate dosage, the <i>Pseudomonas</i> genus became dominant. In conclusion, the reinjection of hypersaline produced water offers both economic and environmental benefits for enhanced oil recovery.</p>

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Controlling nitrate-based microbial souring in a simulated hypersaline and thermophilic oil reservoir

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • V. Liduino,
  • L. Alexandre,
  • M. Cammarota,
  • E. F. Sérvulo

摘要

Nitrate injection has emerged as one of the most widely used methods for managing reservoir souring. However, due to the variability in oilfield reservoir conditions and the dependence of microbial activity on environmental factors, sulfide mitigation using nitrate treatment is not always consistently effective. This study aimed to gather data to enhance the effectiveness of nitrate treatment in preventing the biogenic formation of H₂S gas under thermophilic conditions (40 °C), particularly in relation to salinity—a relationship that has not been thoroughly explored. A two-variable Doehlert experimental design was employed to evaluate the effects of nitrate (30–110 ppm) and salinity (3–10% w/v NaCl) on dissolved sulfide concentrations. The model predictions and response surface analysis revealed that nitrate treatment had a limited impact on sulfide generation at the highest salinity levels. However, nitrate addition was more effective in mitigating sulfide formation under higher salinity conditions. Furthermore, variations in nitrate levels led to significant changes in the microbial community. A high abundance of the Vibrio genus was observed at the lowest nitrate concentration, which gradually decreased as nitrate concentration increased. At the highest nitrate dosage, the Pseudomonas genus became dominant. In conclusion, the reinjection of hypersaline produced water offers both economic and environmental benefits for enhanced oil recovery.