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<p>This review delves into the promising advancements of 3D-printed structures, focusing on honeycomb biomimicry for enhancing wastewater treatment processes. This review synthesizes recent research on 3D printing technologies, including stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, etc., emphasizing developing and optimizing materials such as polymers, nanocomposites, and the honeycomb structure in this arena. However, functionalized honeycomb membranes can remove more than 90 percent of lead and cadmium heavy metals, which is much superior to flat sheet-type membranes. Moreover, these structures also exhibit high rejection rates of suspended solids and oils, with a report of 99.3% for total suspended solids and 99.6% for oil and grease in 7&#xa0;h, proving their suitability for practical wastewater treatment applications. Regarding grey water, the nylon honeycomb 3D filter module proved effective in greywater treatment with BOD reduction of up to 85% and COD reduction of 80% after five filtration cycles. During the cycles, the filtration module exhibited a flow rate that decreased from 20&#xa0;mL/min to 7&#xa0;mL/min. We explore the specific applications of honeycomb structures in removing heavy metals, organic pollutants, and biological contaminants, providing a detailed analysis of their performance and benefits. Additionally, we address the challenges in material innovation, design optimization, scalability, and the potential for integrating honeycomb membranes with advanced oxidation processes and biological treatments. By critically analyzing existing literature and identifying future research directions, this review provides a perspective on the potential of honeycomb biomimicry in wastewater treatment, paving the way for more efficient and sustainable water purification technologies.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Exploring wastewater treatment potential through analytical 3D printed structures and pattern filming: a honeycomb biomimicry approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月15日

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  • S. K. Saha,
  • N. Sakib,
  • M. A. Jalil,
  • T. Islam,
  • Md. I. Hosen,
  • M. M. Rahman,
  • H. T. M. Q. Newaz

摘要

This review delves into the promising advancements of 3D-printed structures, focusing on honeycomb biomimicry for enhancing wastewater treatment processes. This review synthesizes recent research on 3D printing technologies, including stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, etc., emphasizing developing and optimizing materials such as polymers, nanocomposites, and the honeycomb structure in this arena. However, functionalized honeycomb membranes can remove more than 90 percent of lead and cadmium heavy metals, which is much superior to flat sheet-type membranes. Moreover, these structures also exhibit high rejection rates of suspended solids and oils, with a report of 99.3% for total suspended solids and 99.6% for oil and grease in 7 h, proving their suitability for practical wastewater treatment applications. Regarding grey water, the nylon honeycomb 3D filter module proved effective in greywater treatment with BOD reduction of up to 85% and COD reduction of 80% after five filtration cycles. During the cycles, the filtration module exhibited a flow rate that decreased from 20 mL/min to 7 mL/min. We explore the specific applications of honeycomb structures in removing heavy metals, organic pollutants, and biological contaminants, providing a detailed analysis of their performance and benefits. Additionally, we address the challenges in material innovation, design optimization, scalability, and the potential for integrating honeycomb membranes with advanced oxidation processes and biological treatments. By critically analyzing existing literature and identifying future research directions, this review provides a perspective on the potential of honeycomb biomimicry in wastewater treatment, paving the way for more efficient and sustainable water purification technologies.

Graphical abstract