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<p>Lead (Pb) contamination in freshwater ecosystems poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms. This study investigates the ability of the Pb-resistant strain of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae,</i> PbS3A2, to mitigate the detrimental impacts of Pb toxicity in <i>Labeo rohita</i>. Fish were divided into three experimental treatments, namely Control (T<sub>0</sub>), Pb only (T<sub>1</sub>) and Pb + <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (T<sub>2</sub>). The treatment T<sub>2</sub> was exclusively exposed to a concentration of 1.5 × 10⁸ CFU/ml of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> together with Pb (1&#xa0;mg L⁻<sup>1</sup>) for a period of four weeks. The findings demonstrate a significant recovery in declining survival rates from Pb-only (T<sub>1</sub>) treatment (79.10%) to Pb- + <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (T<sub>2</sub>) (95.70%), which is comparable to Control (T<sub>0</sub>). The overall growth performance markers, including final weight gain (FWG), percent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR), and condition factor (K), exhibited substantial impairment in T<sub>1</sub> but showed improvement in T<sub>2</sub> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Triglycerides, ALP, WBC, RBC, and ALT are hematological and biochemical variables that were negatively impacted in T<sub>1</sub> but returned closer to controlled levels in T<sub>2</sub> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Moreover, Pb + <i>K. pneumoniae</i> treatment demonstrated a significant improvement in digestive enzyme activities, such as amylase and protease. Histological analysis also showed a marked reduction in liver and gill lesions when supplemented with <i>K. pneumoniae</i> in T<sub>2</sub> as compared to the Pb-only group. These results indicate that <i>K. pneumoniae</i> PbS3A2 effectively alleviates Pb toxicity, highlighting its potential as a promising candidate for bioremediation in Pb-contaminated aquatic environments.</p>

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Bioremediation of lead contaminated aquatic environment using non-pathogenic strain Klebsiella pneumoniae PbS3A2 in Labeo rohita

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月7日

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  • S. Zafar,
  • S. Fatima,
  • S. Muzammil,
  • F. Asad,
  • M. Hassan,
  • M. Waseem,
  • A. Ashraf

摘要

Lead (Pb) contamination in freshwater ecosystems poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms. This study investigates the ability of the Pb-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, PbS3A2, to mitigate the detrimental impacts of Pb toxicity in Labeo rohita. Fish were divided into three experimental treatments, namely Control (T0), Pb only (T1) and Pb + K. pneumoniae (T2). The treatment T2 was exclusively exposed to a concentration of 1.5 × 10⁸ CFU/ml of K. pneumoniae together with Pb (1 mg L⁻1) for a period of four weeks. The findings demonstrate a significant recovery in declining survival rates from Pb-only (T1) treatment (79.10%) to Pb- + K. pneumoniae (T2) (95.70%), which is comparable to Control (T0). The overall growth performance markers, including final weight gain (FWG), percent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR), and condition factor (K), exhibited substantial impairment in T1 but showed improvement in T2 (P < 0.05). Triglycerides, ALP, WBC, RBC, and ALT are hematological and biochemical variables that were negatively impacted in T1 but returned closer to controlled levels in T2 (P < 0.001). Moreover, Pb + K. pneumoniae treatment demonstrated a significant improvement in digestive enzyme activities, such as amylase and protease. Histological analysis also showed a marked reduction in liver and gill lesions when supplemented with K. pneumoniae in T2 as compared to the Pb-only group. These results indicate that K. pneumoniae PbS3A2 effectively alleviates Pb toxicity, highlighting its potential as a promising candidate for bioremediation in Pb-contaminated aquatic environments.