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<p>Despite being a greatly valuable fishery product, shellfish (<i>Polymesoda bengalensis</i>) have accumulated heavy metals, such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), in their bodies due to their sessile and filter-feeding nature. Furthermore, there is a dearth of public knowledge of how to manage high levels of heavy metals in shellfish, making an effective detoxification method necessary. This study investigated the use of citronella (<i>Cymbopogon nardus</i>) extract as a natural detoxifying agent to reduce heavy metal levels and enhance antioxidant content in shellfish. Additionally, a health risk assessment was carried out to examine the effects of consuming shellfish contaminated with heavy metals before and after treatment. The results demonstrated that the extract concentration of 50% and the soaking times of 45&#xa0;min (Pb, Cu, and Zn) and 60&#xa0;min (Cd) were able to reduce the levels of heavy metals in shellfish significantly. In addition, the antioxidant content also increased to 0.8881&#xa0;mg AA/g FW after treatment with citronella extract. The health risk assessment revealed a 72.90% reduction in the hazard index, indicating a decrease in health risks after detoxification. The bioconcentration factor revealed the order of heavy metal accumulation as Zn &gt; Cu &gt; Cd &gt; Pb, while the target hazard quotient showed that Zn posed the highest potential risk before detoxification. In conclusion, citronella extract is effective as a natural detoxifying agent that can reduce heavy metals and improve the safety of shellfish consumption, with the potential to reduce health risks associated with consuming heavy metal-contaminated shellfish.</p>

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Detoxification of heavy metals in shellfish (Polymesoda bengalensis) using citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) extract

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月19日

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  • D. Deswati,
  • R. Zein,
  • F. Al-Huzaini,
  • W. E. Fitri,
  • H. Pardi,
  • A. Putra

摘要

Despite being a greatly valuable fishery product, shellfish (Polymesoda bengalensis) have accumulated heavy metals, such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), in their bodies due to their sessile and filter-feeding nature. Furthermore, there is a dearth of public knowledge of how to manage high levels of heavy metals in shellfish, making an effective detoxification method necessary. This study investigated the use of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) extract as a natural detoxifying agent to reduce heavy metal levels and enhance antioxidant content in shellfish. Additionally, a health risk assessment was carried out to examine the effects of consuming shellfish contaminated with heavy metals before and after treatment. The results demonstrated that the extract concentration of 50% and the soaking times of 45 min (Pb, Cu, and Zn) and 60 min (Cd) were able to reduce the levels of heavy metals in shellfish significantly. In addition, the antioxidant content also increased to 0.8881 mg AA/g FW after treatment with citronella extract. The health risk assessment revealed a 72.90% reduction in the hazard index, indicating a decrease in health risks after detoxification. The bioconcentration factor revealed the order of heavy metal accumulation as Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb, while the target hazard quotient showed that Zn posed the highest potential risk before detoxification. In conclusion, citronella extract is effective as a natural detoxifying agent that can reduce heavy metals and improve the safety of shellfish consumption, with the potential to reduce health risks associated with consuming heavy metal-contaminated shellfish.