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<p>In current research, we examined hexavalent chromium removal performance under various solution chemistries using raw biochar (BC) and nano zero valent iron modified orange peel powder biochar (nZVI@BC) composites derived via thermal pyrolysis. The results indicated comparable Cr(VI) removal performance (&gt; 90%) of nZVI@BC (1:3) than other composites ratios, which presented similar sorption behavior. However, the much greater effective surface area, small particle size and uneven particle distribution of nZVI@BC (1:3) composite ensued significantly higher Cr(VI) removal (94.1%) than that of raw BC (71.7%), hence selected for further evaluation. The adsorbent dosage (4&#xa0;g/L), pH (2) and reaction time (120&#xa0;min) for suspensions with 20&#xa0;mg/L Cr(VI) concentration were observed to be optimum Cr(VI) removal conditions. For both adsorbents, Freundlich and Pseudo-second order model fitted better with experimental sorption data. nZVI@BC (1:3) showed better adsorption affinity towards Cr(VI) even after three successive regeneration cycles while in the co-existence of interfering ions it showed high selectivity toward Cr(VI) species. The dominant Cr(VI) removal mechanism was identified to be physio-chemisorption and complexation reactions with additional reduction pathway using nZVI@BC than raw BC, as revealed by FT-IR and XRD analysis of spent adsorbents. In general, current research may provide efficient solutions to the drinking water industry for remediation of Cr(VI) from polluted water using best suitable nZVI@BC composite, thereby reducing its associated environmental health and ecological risks.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Enhanced hexavalent chromium (VI) removal from water using nano zero valent iron modified orange peel powder biochar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • S. U. Gill,
  • M. A. Inam,
  • R. Iftikhar,
  • F. Nadeem,
  • H. Amjad,
  • Z. Khalid

摘要

In current research, we examined hexavalent chromium removal performance under various solution chemistries using raw biochar (BC) and nano zero valent iron modified orange peel powder biochar (nZVI@BC) composites derived via thermal pyrolysis. The results indicated comparable Cr(VI) removal performance (> 90%) of nZVI@BC (1:3) than other composites ratios, which presented similar sorption behavior. However, the much greater effective surface area, small particle size and uneven particle distribution of nZVI@BC (1:3) composite ensued significantly higher Cr(VI) removal (94.1%) than that of raw BC (71.7%), hence selected for further evaluation. The adsorbent dosage (4 g/L), pH (2) and reaction time (120 min) for suspensions with 20 mg/L Cr(VI) concentration were observed to be optimum Cr(VI) removal conditions. For both adsorbents, Freundlich and Pseudo-second order model fitted better with experimental sorption data. nZVI@BC (1:3) showed better adsorption affinity towards Cr(VI) even after three successive regeneration cycles while in the co-existence of interfering ions it showed high selectivity toward Cr(VI) species. The dominant Cr(VI) removal mechanism was identified to be physio-chemisorption and complexation reactions with additional reduction pathway using nZVI@BC than raw BC, as revealed by FT-IR and XRD analysis of spent adsorbents. In general, current research may provide efficient solutions to the drinking water industry for remediation of Cr(VI) from polluted water using best suitable nZVI@BC composite, thereby reducing its associated environmental health and ecological risks.

Graphical abstract