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<p>Water pollution with oil compounds has led to the development of new technologies for the removal of oil pollution. This study aims to investigate and optimize oil pollutant (C<sub>16</sub>) removal using a polyethylene-functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/PEG) nanocomposite in the presence of a bacterial consortium isolated from contaminated areas. To investigate optimal conditions for C<sub>16</sub> removal, samples were collected from three stations in the northwestern catchment area of Iran contaminated with oil compounds. Two effective operating parameters the oil pollutant removal, pH and time (day), were optimized by the response surface method (RSM). The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized with FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX characterization tests. The C<sub>16</sub> removal rate was examined by evaporation and gas chromatography (GC) in the presence of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-non-functionalized and g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/PEG-functionalized. Next Generation Sequencing) NGS (was used for 16S rRNA sequencing and bacteria variant/abundance detection. FTIR and XRD results confirmed the hydrogen bond between g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and PEG. The morphology of planar and porous g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> structures were determined. The nanoscale dimensions of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> plates were in the range of 175–118&#xa0;nm. According to the results NGS, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, showed the highest frequency (90%). The value of p-value is less than 0.05 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) for time term (day), and this parameter for g-C3N4/PEG affects the oil pollutant removal percentage. In the presence of the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/PEG, the C<sub>16</sub> removal rate increased by 68.67% within 15&#xa0;days. The evaporation removal results showed a higher rate with the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/PEG, indicating the effect of the PEG agent on increasing the C<sub>16</sub> removal process. In the GC method, the C<sub>16</sub> removal rates in the presence of the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/PEG and bacteria were 29.44% and 31% after 9 and 12&#xa0;days, respectively. Due to the ability of bacteria in C<sub>16</sub> biodegradation, these bacteria can be a suitable choice for industrial use in the biodegradation process of oil pollutants in harsh conditions.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Oil pollution removal using g-C3N4/PEG nanocomposite in the presence of bacterial consortium isolated from contaminated areas: optimization Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月16日

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  • S. Taleshpur,
  • L. Taghavi,
  • H. F. Farahani,
  • B. Rasekh,
  • S. Bazgir

摘要

Water pollution with oil compounds has led to the development of new technologies for the removal of oil pollution. This study aims to investigate and optimize oil pollutant (C16) removal using a polyethylene-functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4/PEG) nanocomposite in the presence of a bacterial consortium isolated from contaminated areas. To investigate optimal conditions for C16 removal, samples were collected from three stations in the northwestern catchment area of Iran contaminated with oil compounds. Two effective operating parameters the oil pollutant removal, pH and time (day), were optimized by the response surface method (RSM). The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized with FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX characterization tests. The C16 removal rate was examined by evaporation and gas chromatography (GC) in the presence of g-C3N4-non-functionalized and g-C3N4/PEG-functionalized. Next Generation Sequencing) NGS (was used for 16S rRNA sequencing and bacteria variant/abundance detection. FTIR and XRD results confirmed the hydrogen bond between g-C3N4 and PEG. The morphology of planar and porous g-C3N4 structures were determined. The nanoscale dimensions of g-C3N4 plates were in the range of 175–118 nm. According to the results NGS, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, showed the highest frequency (90%). The value of p-value is less than 0.05 (p < 0.05) for time term (day), and this parameter for g-C3N4/PEG affects the oil pollutant removal percentage. In the presence of the g-C3N4/PEG, the C16 removal rate increased by 68.67% within 15 days. The evaporation removal results showed a higher rate with the g-C3N4/PEG, indicating the effect of the PEG agent on increasing the C16 removal process. In the GC method, the C16 removal rates in the presence of the g-C3N4/PEG and bacteria were 29.44% and 31% after 9 and 12 days, respectively. Due to the ability of bacteria in C16 biodegradation, these bacteria can be a suitable choice for industrial use in the biodegradation process of oil pollutants in harsh conditions.

Graphical abstract