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<p>The collection of electronic waste materials, or "E-waste," in recent years has become a global problem, and methods for recycling and waste management are developing rapidly. This study's primary goal is to use supercritical carbon dioxide to recover silver metal from scrap printed circuit boards more effectively. To increase the reachability of the silver within the printed circuit board structure, supercritical water pretreatment was employed. The process's efficiency was further improved by the use of co-solvent (ethanol) and Cyanex 302, EDTA, and Kelex organic ligands. The process was experimentally designed and optimized using thermodynamic analysis and the response surface method. For supercritical water pretreatment, 275&#xa0;bar pressure was found to be the optimal pressure. For silver ion recovery, efficiency increased steadily within the 30 to 60&#xa0;ml volume range of the supercritical solvent, but the increase was more gradual between 60 and 90&#xa0;ml, suggesting that 30&#xa0;ml is the optimal volume of supercritical fluid. The process was optimized to extract silver using supercritical carbon dioxide at 50&#xa0;°C, with a dynamic residence time of 90&#xa0;min and a pressure of 300&#xa0;bar, achieving an efficiency of 72.07%. According to the exergy loss analysis results, the mild&#xa0;temperature is optimum for separator pressure optimization in order to achieve the least amount of exergy loss, and 5&#xa0;MPa of separator pressure produced the maximum efficiency. The study's findings suggest that designing and building a larger extraction machine might be feasible in order to extract valuable amounts of silver from electronic waste.</p>

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Silver recovery from E-waste: optimization of hybrid supercritical water oxidation and supercritical CO2 extraction process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月9日

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  • H. Fallah Haghighi,
  • J. Khorshidi,
  • T. Zarei,
  • Y. Bakhshan

摘要

The collection of electronic waste materials, or "E-waste," in recent years has become a global problem, and methods for recycling and waste management are developing rapidly. This study's primary goal is to use supercritical carbon dioxide to recover silver metal from scrap printed circuit boards more effectively. To increase the reachability of the silver within the printed circuit board structure, supercritical water pretreatment was employed. The process's efficiency was further improved by the use of co-solvent (ethanol) and Cyanex 302, EDTA, and Kelex organic ligands. The process was experimentally designed and optimized using thermodynamic analysis and the response surface method. For supercritical water pretreatment, 275 bar pressure was found to be the optimal pressure. For silver ion recovery, efficiency increased steadily within the 30 to 60 ml volume range of the supercritical solvent, but the increase was more gradual between 60 and 90 ml, suggesting that 30 ml is the optimal volume of supercritical fluid. The process was optimized to extract silver using supercritical carbon dioxide at 50 °C, with a dynamic residence time of 90 min and a pressure of 300 bar, achieving an efficiency of 72.07%. According to the exergy loss analysis results, the mild temperature is optimum for separator pressure optimization in order to achieve the least amount of exergy loss, and 5 MPa of separator pressure produced the maximum efficiency. The study's findings suggest that designing and building a larger extraction machine might be feasible in order to extract valuable amounts of silver from electronic waste.