Comprehensive assessment of current municipal solid waste management in Chennai, India: a critical case study with real-time analysis

Chennai city has implemented numerous strategies and plans to effectively manage the municipal solid waste by the municipal corporation. One of the prime strategy is the establishment of public–private partnership schemes, which play a crucial role in enhancing waste management practices. This case study focus to assess the conservancy operations carried out by multiple stakeholders in order to identify the strengths and areas for improvement in the waste management system. The study involved a range of strategies, including data collection, interviews, surveys, documentation, quantitative and thematic analysis, triangulation, and validation methods to ensure reliable outcomes. The findings reveal that 12.54% wet waste, 7.42% dry waste, and 0.07% hazardous waste are currently being segregated, while the majority of waste ends up in dumping grounds. Despite of private company’s involvement, waste management practices are not optimized due to inadequate infrastructure, improper placement of facilities, underutilized design capacities, complex routing mechanisms, and outdated waste management plans. To achieve operational excellence and minimize compliance deviations, it is imperative for public sectors to prioritize integration of technological infrastructure and establishing real time regulatory plans and frameworks. As an outcome, full potential of service can be harnessed leading to a more efficient and sustainable waste management system. At the outset, this study emphasizes the need for strategic interventions, improved infrastructure, revised waste management plans, and increased collaboration between public and private sectors to address existing challenges and enhance the waste management practices in Chennai city.