Internet-based recycling by urban residents in China: evaluation of influencing factors using DEMATEL and ISM

In this study, we aim to explore the advantages of an Internet-based recycling model, characterized by high information transparency and recycling efficiency, while addressing the primary constraint of low resident participation. Drawing upon the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory and Interpretative Structural Modeling, we constructed a model of influencing factors affecting urban residents’ participation in Internet-based recycling of recyclable resources. Our results indicate that the key influencing factors of participation were user characteristics and expectations on effort and performance. Subjective norms and social factors and internal and external constraints were identified as important influencing factors. Perceived risk did not significantly influence participation. Based on these findings, several policy recommendations are proposed to promote participation in Internet-based recycling and increase the proportion of recyclable resources entering formal recycling channels. These recommendations include the development of user-friendly, Internet-based recycling platforms, offering competitive recycling pricing, implementing effective word-of-mouth publicity, and providing users with relevant guidance and support. Collectively, we offer valuable insights into understanding the characteristics and influencing factors of Internet-based recycling models and provide useful policy references for advancing sustainable resource recycling and management.