A conceptual review on performance and environmental impact of current and ensuing coagulants used in treatment facilities

Chemical coagulants have traditionally been utilized for wastewater treatment due to their effectiveness, but their environmental repercussions necessitate exploration of sustainable alternatives. This study examines the viability of plant-based coagulants and magnetic bio-coagulation technology as eco-friendly substitutes for chemical coagulants. The research aims to assess their efficacy in treating various contaminants while addressing environmental concerns and limitations associated with conventional methods. A systematic review approach is employed to analyze recent studies on plant-based coagulants and magnetic bio-coagulation technology in wastewater treatment. The review scrutinizes their effectiveness, sustainability, and potential implications for wastewater treatment practices. Plant-based coagulants demonstrate promise in contaminant removal, offering ecological substitute, especially in underserved areas. Magnetic bio-coagulation technology exhibits high efficiency in eliminating heavy metals, dyes, and organic pollutants, potentially reducing sludge production and optimizing the treatment processes. The findings underscore the significance of exploring sustainable alternatives to chemical coagulants. Plant-based coagulants and magnetic bio-coagulation present environmentally sound solutions that could mitigate the adverse impacts of conventional methods. This study provides insights for policymakers and practitioners seeking to promote ecofriendly wastewater treatment practices, emphasizing the importance of adopting eco-friendly technologies for environmental conservation.