A review of solar still technology: solution for water scarcity

This review article provides an overview of the study on several forms of solar stills conducted by several scholars. Solar stills are becoming more popular for desalination and water purification, particularly in locations where clean water is scarce. This review study analyses the advantages and limits of several solar still designs, including passive single slope, double slope, and other forms of active solar still with varied configurations. Furthermore, the paper investigates the elements that influence solar still performance, such as solar radiation, water depth, and ambient temperature. Furthermore, the report discusses current advancements in solar still technology, such as the incorporation of nanofluids, sensible storage materials, phase change materials, and other hybrid techniques, all of which have the potential to improve the efficiency of solar stills. Finally, the paper finishes with a discussion of the potential of solar still technology, as well as the need for additional research to improve their performance and make them more generally available in water-stressed areas.