The nexus of phyto-assisted plant growth-promoting bacterial application for bioremediation of azo dye

Textile manufacturing and dyeing units are one of the prime industrial sectors responsible to produce huge quantities of liquid effluents in developing countries. Azo and other dyes in textile effluents are a significant concern because of their potential risk from pollution of environmental systems and human health. Different studies have highlighted the role of different bacteria for the removal of azo dyes and related contamination. Where, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been widely used to improve plant growth in agricultural systems, but the simultaneous role they play in the bioremediation of polluted environments has not been much highlighted. This review focuses on an emerging area of the PGPB application for the promotion of plant growth in an environment contaminated by dyes and the restoration and remediation of the environment. Recent studies have shown that PGPB have developed enzymatic mechanisms to enhance plant growth while simultaneously degrading a variety of structurally complex azo dyes under certain conditions. The mineralization of organic azo pollutants will not only reduce plant toxicity, but can also be a nutrient source for plants. Such PGPB could have a practical application for the recycling of industrial wastewater contaminated with dyes that could be used as an irrigation source to improve plant biomass production.