Purpose <p>To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with migraine and menstrual migraine in women of reproductive age.</p> Method <p>This multicenter cross-sectional study included 2049 women who were successfully contacted between May and December 2023. The data were collected via an online interview method using the Individual Identification Form, which was created by the researchers and consists of three parts.</p> Results <p>The mean age of the study participants was determined to be 24.19 ± 7.76 years. The prevalence of migraine was found to be 16.4%, while the prevalence of menstrual migraine was 56.4%. A statistically significant relationship was identified between migraine diagnosis and a number of variables, including marital status, educational status, employment status, social security status, income status, family type, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and coffee intake (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between menstrual headache and marital status, working in a gainful job, presence of social security, income status, family type, smoking, alcohol use and coffee consumption (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Many sociodemographic characteristics and habits in women’s daily lives are among the risk factors for migraine and menstrual migraine. It is advisable for health professionals to provide comprehensive counseling services to facilitate the adoption of healthy behaviors in relation to these risk factors.</p>