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<p>The economic importance of pollinators is widely recognized, with bees playing a key role in crop pollination. However, agricultural intensification has reduced natural habitats, negatively affecting pollinator populations. Understanding local bee communities is essential, particularly in crops near natural areas. Colored pan traps (blue, yellow, and white) are a common method for sampling bees, but few studies have evaluated how different trap colors attract different bee taxa. Moreover, most studies have not directly related these spectral properties to differences in bee captures. We assessed the influence of pan trap color on bee sampling in organic tomato crops in Ibirité, Brazil, adjacent to a Natural State Park. Pan traps of three colors were randomly distributed and checked every 24&#xa0;h from June to August. Trapped bees were identified, and the spectral reflectance of each trap color and tomato flowers was measured using a spectrophotometer. The hexagon model for trichromatic vision was used to estimate how bees perceive these colors. We sampled 185 bees from 30 species and 20 genera. Bee abundance and richness varied significantly among trap colors. Species richness was highest in yellow traps, while abundance was greatest in blue traps. White traps captured two exclusive species not found in other colors. Halictinae bees were predominantly attracted to yellow traps, whereas Apinae bees preferred blue and yellow traps. Our findings indicate that trap color significantly affects bee sampling efficiency, and using a combination of three colors increases species richness and abundance, enhancing the effectiveness of bee monitoring.</p>

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Does the Color of Pan Traps Influence the Abundance, Species Richness, and Community Composition of Native Bees Collected in Tomato Crops?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • Maria Cecilia de Carvalho Silva Ferreira,
  • Priscila Araújo,
  • Igor Rismo Coelho,
  • Fernanda Helena Nogueira-Ferreira,
  • Paulo Eugênio Alves Macedo de Oliveira,
  • Theo Mota

摘要

The economic importance of pollinators is widely recognized, with bees playing a key role in crop pollination. However, agricultural intensification has reduced natural habitats, negatively affecting pollinator populations. Understanding local bee communities is essential, particularly in crops near natural areas. Colored pan traps (blue, yellow, and white) are a common method for sampling bees, but few studies have evaluated how different trap colors attract different bee taxa. Moreover, most studies have not directly related these spectral properties to differences in bee captures. We assessed the influence of pan trap color on bee sampling in organic tomato crops in Ibirité, Brazil, adjacent to a Natural State Park. Pan traps of three colors were randomly distributed and checked every 24 h from June to August. Trapped bees were identified, and the spectral reflectance of each trap color and tomato flowers was measured using a spectrophotometer. The hexagon model for trichromatic vision was used to estimate how bees perceive these colors. We sampled 185 bees from 30 species and 20 genera. Bee abundance and richness varied significantly among trap colors. Species richness was highest in yellow traps, while abundance was greatest in blue traps. White traps captured two exclusive species not found in other colors. Halictinae bees were predominantly attracted to yellow traps, whereas Apinae bees preferred blue and yellow traps. Our findings indicate that trap color significantly affects bee sampling efficiency, and using a combination of three colors increases species richness and abundance, enhancing the effectiveness of bee monitoring.