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<p>A potential material of polymorph cadmium iodate, γ-Cd(IO₃)₂, was successfully synthesized through a straightforward reaction pathway, resulting in a monoclinic structure belonging to the Pc space group. The compound features a fully interconnected three-dimensional Cd–O network with systematically aligned IO₃ units. Structural characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy verified the phase purity and structural organization of the material. Optical investigations revealed a wide band-gap energy of 3.67&#xa0;eV, estimated using the Tauc method. Thermal studies performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) identified two solid-state polymorphic transitions occurring without mass loss up to approximately 550&#xa0;°C, indicating excellent thermal robustness. Nonlinear optical measurements demonstrated significant second-harmonic generation (SHG) activity for γ-Cd(IO₃)₂. In contrast, the pseudo-centrosymmetric ε-Cd(IO₃)₂ phase showed minimal SHG response due to effective dipole moment cancellation. The synthesis conditions critically control polymorphic outcome, directly influencing structural, thermal, and optical properties, positioning the smart material γ-Cd(IO₃)₂ for photonic and nonlinear-optical applications.</p>

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Controlled synthesis, crystal structure, and thermal behavior of the potential smart material γ-Cd(IO3)2

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月13日

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  • Zoulikha Hebboul,
  • Djamal Benbertal,
  • Benbadis Benmoulai,
  • Ahmed Draoui

摘要

A potential material of polymorph cadmium iodate, γ-Cd(IO₃)₂, was successfully synthesized through a straightforward reaction pathway, resulting in a monoclinic structure belonging to the Pc space group. The compound features a fully interconnected three-dimensional Cd–O network with systematically aligned IO₃ units. Structural characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy verified the phase purity and structural organization of the material. Optical investigations revealed a wide band-gap energy of 3.67 eV, estimated using the Tauc method. Thermal studies performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) identified two solid-state polymorphic transitions occurring without mass loss up to approximately 550 °C, indicating excellent thermal robustness. Nonlinear optical measurements demonstrated significant second-harmonic generation (SHG) activity for γ-Cd(IO₃)₂. In contrast, the pseudo-centrosymmetric ε-Cd(IO₃)₂ phase showed minimal SHG response due to effective dipole moment cancellation. The synthesis conditions critically control polymorphic outcome, directly influencing structural, thermal, and optical properties, positioning the smart material γ-Cd(IO₃)₂ for photonic and nonlinear-optical applications.