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<p>This study reports the synthesis, structural characterization, and multifunctional evaluation of a novel selenium (IV) complex (APS) featuring a dithiocarbamate‑based ligand framework functionalized with nitro‑aromatic moieties. The design of this compound integrates the strong coordinating ability of dithiocarbamate groups with the electronic influence of nitro‑substituted aromatic rings, providing a structurally robust inorganic–organic hybrid system. Comprehensive spectroscopic characterization was carried out using FT-IR, UV–Vis, 1&#xa0;H NMR, 13&#xa0;C NMR, FESEM and EDS analyses techniques. The obtained data confirmed the successful formation of the selenium complex and revealed the presence of characteristic Se = O and Se–S bonds together with nitro‑substituted aromatic functionalities. The stability of the APS framework can be attributed to the combined electronic and steric contributions of the donor atoms, which promote effective coordination around the selenium center. The antioxidant potential of APS was investigated using the β‑carotene bleaching assay. The results indicated that the synthesized compound exhibits moderate to strong antioxidant activity when compared with the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The inhibition of β‑carotene oxidation is primarily associated with the electron‑donating characteristics of the ligand substituents, which facilitate the stabilization of free radicals produced during the oxidative degradation of linoleic acid. In addition to its antioxidant properties, the corrosion inhibition performance of APS toward carbon steel in 0.1&#xa0;M HCl was evaluated using electrochemical techniques. The results demonstrated that APS acts as an efficient corrosion inhibitor by adsorbing onto the metal surface and forming a protective barrier that reduces both anodic and cathodic reactions. Adsorption behavior was further analyzed through adsorption isotherm modeling, enabling the determination of key thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°ads, ΔH°ads, and ΔS°ads) that describe the interaction between inhibitor molecules and the metal surface. The obtained thermodynamic values indicate a spontaneous adsorption process and confirm the strong affinity of APS for the steel surface. Overall, the findings highlight the dual functional capability of the synthesized selenium complex as both an antioxidant agent and an effective corrosion inhibitor in acidic environments.</p>

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Synthesis and inorganic characterization of organoselenium (IV) dithiocarbamate complexes: correlation between antioxidant activity and corrosion inhibition efficiency

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月13日

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  • Mohammed Abdulhussien Enad,
  • Hadi T. Obaid,
  • Abdullah Hijaz Hashim

摘要

This study reports the synthesis, structural characterization, and multifunctional evaluation of a novel selenium (IV) complex (APS) featuring a dithiocarbamate‑based ligand framework functionalized with nitro‑aromatic moieties. The design of this compound integrates the strong coordinating ability of dithiocarbamate groups with the electronic influence of nitro‑substituted aromatic rings, providing a structurally robust inorganic–organic hybrid system. Comprehensive spectroscopic characterization was carried out using FT-IR, UV–Vis, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, FESEM and EDS analyses techniques. The obtained data confirmed the successful formation of the selenium complex and revealed the presence of characteristic Se = O and Se–S bonds together with nitro‑substituted aromatic functionalities. The stability of the APS framework can be attributed to the combined electronic and steric contributions of the donor atoms, which promote effective coordination around the selenium center. The antioxidant potential of APS was investigated using the β‑carotene bleaching assay. The results indicated that the synthesized compound exhibits moderate to strong antioxidant activity when compared with the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The inhibition of β‑carotene oxidation is primarily associated with the electron‑donating characteristics of the ligand substituents, which facilitate the stabilization of free radicals produced during the oxidative degradation of linoleic acid. In addition to its antioxidant properties, the corrosion inhibition performance of APS toward carbon steel in 0.1 M HCl was evaluated using electrochemical techniques. The results demonstrated that APS acts as an efficient corrosion inhibitor by adsorbing onto the metal surface and forming a protective barrier that reduces both anodic and cathodic reactions. Adsorption behavior was further analyzed through adsorption isotherm modeling, enabling the determination of key thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°ads, ΔH°ads, and ΔS°ads) that describe the interaction between inhibitor molecules and the metal surface. The obtained thermodynamic values indicate a spontaneous adsorption process and confirm the strong affinity of APS for the steel surface. Overall, the findings highlight the dual functional capability of the synthesized selenium complex as both an antioxidant agent and an effective corrosion inhibitor in acidic environments.