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<p>This study investigated the mild-condition synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/CuMoO<sub>4</sub> (FZCM) magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), along with their characterization and antibacterial applications. This study evaluates the antibacterial efficacy of FZCM NPs against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The magnetic NPs was identified by various techniques such as FE-SEM, EDS, HR-TEM, DRS, XRD, VSM, ICP, Zeta potential, and XPS analysis. Based on the morphology analysis, the average crystalline size of FZCM was about 10&#xa0;nm. Also, the presence of Fe, Zr, Cu, and Mo elements in the structure of FZCM NP was identified by EDS, ICP, and XPS analysis. According to the obtained result from DRS analysis, the bandgap energy value of FZCM was equal to 1.7&#xa0;eV. The antibacterial activity of FZCM was assessed against Gram-positive (<i>S. Aureus</i>), (<i>B. subtilis</i>), and Gram-negative (<i>E. Coli</i>) bacteria as models. Also, inhibition zone diameter (mm), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) concentrations tests were investigated. The inhibition zone diameters for <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>B. subtilis</i>, and <i>E. coli</i> were measured as 16&#xa0;mm, 35&#xa0;mm, and 32&#xa0;mm, respectively, demonstrating strong antibacterial effects. Additionally, MIC and MBC values confirmed the antibacterial performance of FZCM, with particularly high efficacy against bacteria. According to the obtained results, the FZCM exhibits significant ability in antibacterial activity (<i>B. subtilis</i> and <i>E. Coli</i>). Furthermore, the magnetic properties of FZCM facilitate easy separation and reusability, which makes it a promising candidate for use in biomedical and environmental antimicrobial applications.</p>

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Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of Fe3O4/ZrO2/CuMoO4 magnetic nanoparticles against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月23日

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  • Mohammad Amin Arayesh,
  • Ali Hossein Kianfar

摘要

This study investigated the mild-condition synthesis of Fe3O4/ZrO2/CuMoO4 (FZCM) magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), along with their characterization and antibacterial applications. This study evaluates the antibacterial efficacy of FZCM NPs against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The magnetic NPs was identified by various techniques such as FE-SEM, EDS, HR-TEM, DRS, XRD, VSM, ICP, Zeta potential, and XPS analysis. Based on the morphology analysis, the average crystalline size of FZCM was about 10 nm. Also, the presence of Fe, Zr, Cu, and Mo elements in the structure of FZCM NP was identified by EDS, ICP, and XPS analysis. According to the obtained result from DRS analysis, the bandgap energy value of FZCM was equal to 1.7 eV. The antibacterial activity of FZCM was assessed against Gram-positive (S. Aureus), (B. subtilis), and Gram-negative (E. Coli) bacteria as models. Also, inhibition zone diameter (mm), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) concentrations tests were investigated. The inhibition zone diameters for S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli were measured as 16 mm, 35 mm, and 32 mm, respectively, demonstrating strong antibacterial effects. Additionally, MIC and MBC values confirmed the antibacterial performance of FZCM, with particularly high efficacy against bacteria. According to the obtained results, the FZCM exhibits significant ability in antibacterial activity (B. subtilis and E. Coli). Furthermore, the magnetic properties of FZCM facilitate easy separation and reusability, which makes it a promising candidate for use in biomedical and environmental antimicrobial applications.