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<p>Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide derived mainly from crustacean shells by deacetylation of chitin, has attracted much research interest as an eco-friendly, biodegradable, and biocompatible adsorbent for removing hazardous dyes and heavy metals from wastewater. Its structure, consisting of β– (1→4)-linked D-glucosamine units with amino and hydroxyl functional groups, enables strong adsorption through chelation and electrostatic interactions. Chitosan-based adsorbents, including hydrogels and chemically modified forms, efficiently remove various pollutants due to their high surface area and active sites, and they can be regenerated and reused, supporting sustainable wastewater treatment. Besides water treatment, chitosan’s properties also make it valuable in agriculture and biomedical fields. This review provides a comprehensive summary of existing research done on chitosan, which helps in consolidating knowledge on chitosan’s applications, properties, and advances in research pertaining to meaningful applications. It is an easily biodegradable natural biopolymer, and its residues are non-toxic, hence can easily be biodegraded and eliminated by nature itself. It highlights that chitosan has numerous applications in various fields, including agriculture, biomedicine, and environmental science. It gives a detailed picture of how chitosan has roles in textile industries, wastewater treatments, food packaging, drug delivery, personal care, cell encapsulation, and tissue engineering.</p>

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Chitosan-based adsorbents for the decontamination of pollutants from water and regeneration study of spent adsorbents: a critical review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Saumyashree Nayak,
  • P. N. V. Krishna,
  • Banashree Dey,
  • Arvind Lal,
  • Soumen Dey

摘要

Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide derived mainly from crustacean shells by deacetylation of chitin, has attracted much research interest as an eco-friendly, biodegradable, and biocompatible adsorbent for removing hazardous dyes and heavy metals from wastewater. Its structure, consisting of β– (1→4)-linked D-glucosamine units with amino and hydroxyl functional groups, enables strong adsorption through chelation and electrostatic interactions. Chitosan-based adsorbents, including hydrogels and chemically modified forms, efficiently remove various pollutants due to their high surface area and active sites, and they can be regenerated and reused, supporting sustainable wastewater treatment. Besides water treatment, chitosan’s properties also make it valuable in agriculture and biomedical fields. This review provides a comprehensive summary of existing research done on chitosan, which helps in consolidating knowledge on chitosan’s applications, properties, and advances in research pertaining to meaningful applications. It is an easily biodegradable natural biopolymer, and its residues are non-toxic, hence can easily be biodegraded and eliminated by nature itself. It highlights that chitosan has numerous applications in various fields, including agriculture, biomedicine, and environmental science. It gives a detailed picture of how chitosan has roles in textile industries, wastewater treatments, food packaging, drug delivery, personal care, cell encapsulation, and tissue engineering.