Synthesis, structure, and assessment of aromaticity of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring in N- and S-alkyl derivatives of 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thione using the Bird index
摘要
N- and S-alkyl derivatives were synthesized from 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione and alkyl halides. The structures were elucidated using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Based on XRD and DFT data, the aromaticity of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring was evaluated. Redistribution of the π-electron system in the pseudoaromatic 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione fragment of the N- and S-alkyl derivatives, relative to the parent 5-(phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione, was observed. The aromaticity of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring in the N- and S-alkyl derivatives of 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione decreases, with the S-derivatives exhibiting lower aromaticity than the N3-derivatives according to the calculations. The theoretically calculated aromaticity values for all known 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives, using a specific publicly available Bird method by Multiwfn package, allow chemists to identify patterns and draw conclusions.
Graphical abstract