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<p>Polyolefins dominate the global polymer market due to their low cost and versatile properties; however, their application in additive manufacturing (AM) remains limited because of processing challenges. Blending polyolefins with polymers that are more suitable for AM, such as polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), offers a potential solution. In this study, polypropylene (PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were blended with PETG to improve printability as well as mechanical, thermal, and shape memory properties. Morphological analysis confirmed a two-phase sea–island structure, and the LDPE/PETG blend showed the best printability. Mechanical results indicated that HDPE/PETG provided higher stiffness and strength, while LDPE/PETG exhibited greater ductility. Shape memory evaluation revealed improved shape fixity in HDPE/PETG and superior shape recovery in LDPE/PETG, with stable performance over repeated cycles. These results demonstrate that polyolefin/PETG blends can provide improved printability and tunable properties, enabling broader use of polyolefins in 3D and 4D printing applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Enhancing mechanical properties, shape memory, and printability of polyolefins (LDPE, HDPE and PP) through blending with polyethylene terephthalate glycol

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Yingjun Sun,
  • Yongjie Qi,
  • Hangying Lv

摘要

Polyolefins dominate the global polymer market due to their low cost and versatile properties; however, their application in additive manufacturing (AM) remains limited because of processing challenges. Blending polyolefins with polymers that are more suitable for AM, such as polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), offers a potential solution. In this study, polypropylene (PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were blended with PETG to improve printability as well as mechanical, thermal, and shape memory properties. Morphological analysis confirmed a two-phase sea–island structure, and the LDPE/PETG blend showed the best printability. Mechanical results indicated that HDPE/PETG provided higher stiffness and strength, while LDPE/PETG exhibited greater ductility. Shape memory evaluation revealed improved shape fixity in HDPE/PETG and superior shape recovery in LDPE/PETG, with stable performance over repeated cycles. These results demonstrate that polyolefin/PETG blends can provide improved printability and tunable properties, enabling broader use of polyolefins in 3D and 4D printing applications.

Graphical abstract