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<p>This study explores the enhancement of mechanical, thermal, and durability characteristics of sustainable hybrid composites using snake grass fiber (SGF) and basalt fiber with nanosilica as a reinforcing filler. The primary objective is to address the limitations of natural fiber composites, specifically their poor moisture resistance, interfacial bonding, and fracture toughness, by integrating nanosilica into the epoxy matrix. Composites were fabricated using a hot-pressing technique, with nanosilica uniformly dispersed via mechanical mixing and sonication.The findings showed that adding 3% (by wt) nanosilica led to substantial improvements: tensile strength increased by 36.45%, flexural strength by 34.76%, impact strength by 33.02%, and interlaminar shear strength by 53.64%. Mode-I fracture toughness improved by 30%, attributed to enhanced crack bridging and energy dissipation mechanisms. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed improved thermal stability, with degradation delayed up to 370&#xa0;°C. Moisture absorption and hydrophilicity were notably reduced, as confirmed by contact angle measurements, indicating improved surface resistance to water. However, biodegradability slightly decreased due to the barrier effect of nanosilica particles hindering microbial degradation. Microscopic analysis revealed improved fiber–matrix interfacial bonding at the optimal nanosilica content, contributing to the enhanced mechanical behavior. Overall, this work reveals the potential of nano silica-enhanced SGF/basalt hybrid composites as environment friendly, high-performance materials suitable for structural and construction applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Development of basalt/snake grass fibercomposites with nanosilica addition: a sustainable material for construction and building

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Kumaresan Gladys Ashok,
  • Gurusamy Kasirajan,
  • Grandhi Kailash Kumar,
  • Muttikal Varghese Jerome

摘要

This study explores the enhancement of mechanical, thermal, and durability characteristics of sustainable hybrid composites using snake grass fiber (SGF) and basalt fiber with nanosilica as a reinforcing filler. The primary objective is to address the limitations of natural fiber composites, specifically their poor moisture resistance, interfacial bonding, and fracture toughness, by integrating nanosilica into the epoxy matrix. Composites were fabricated using a hot-pressing technique, with nanosilica uniformly dispersed via mechanical mixing and sonication.The findings showed that adding 3% (by wt) nanosilica led to substantial improvements: tensile strength increased by 36.45%, flexural strength by 34.76%, impact strength by 33.02%, and interlaminar shear strength by 53.64%. Mode-I fracture toughness improved by 30%, attributed to enhanced crack bridging and energy dissipation mechanisms. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed improved thermal stability, with degradation delayed up to 370 °C. Moisture absorption and hydrophilicity were notably reduced, as confirmed by contact angle measurements, indicating improved surface resistance to water. However, biodegradability slightly decreased due to the barrier effect of nanosilica particles hindering microbial degradation. Microscopic analysis revealed improved fiber–matrix interfacial bonding at the optimal nanosilica content, contributing to the enhanced mechanical behavior. Overall, this work reveals the potential of nano silica-enhanced SGF/basalt hybrid composites as environment friendly, high-performance materials suitable for structural and construction applications.

Graphical abstract