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<p>This study has examined the incorporation of bentonite nanoparticles into three groups of polyvinylchloride (PVC) membranes: those containing 6 wt.% and 12 wt.% polyethyleneglycol (PEG), and those coagulated in the potassium chloride (KCl)-containing coagulation aiming to enhance antifouling performance in oily wastewater treatment. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of PEG, bentonite, and KCl in the membrane. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results showed effective dispersion of bentonite within the membrane matrix. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images indicated an increase in surface pore density in PVC/bentonite membranes. Contact angle measurements revealed improved hydrophilicity with bentonite (up to 6 wt.%) and PEG (up to 12 wt.%), although KCl slightly reduced it. In addition, bentonite nanoparticles improved the mechanical strength. Compared to pure PVC, membranes containing bentonite had better performance, while KCl caused a slight decline. Finally, real industrial wastewater, with a more complex composition than synthetic oily wastewater, led to a higher irreversible fouling ratio (IFR).</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Polyvinyl chloride/bentonite ultrafiltration membrane for oily wastewater treatment: fabrication, characterization, and performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月15日

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  • Sevda Daneshfaraz,
  • Yoones Jafarzadeh,
  • Leila Shapouri,
  • Sepideh Masoumi

摘要

This study has examined the incorporation of bentonite nanoparticles into three groups of polyvinylchloride (PVC) membranes: those containing 6 wt.% and 12 wt.% polyethyleneglycol (PEG), and those coagulated in the potassium chloride (KCl)-containing coagulation aiming to enhance antifouling performance in oily wastewater treatment. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of PEG, bentonite, and KCl in the membrane. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results showed effective dispersion of bentonite within the membrane matrix. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images indicated an increase in surface pore density in PVC/bentonite membranes. Contact angle measurements revealed improved hydrophilicity with bentonite (up to 6 wt.%) and PEG (up to 12 wt.%), although KCl slightly reduced it. In addition, bentonite nanoparticles improved the mechanical strength. Compared to pure PVC, membranes containing bentonite had better performance, while KCl caused a slight decline. Finally, real industrial wastewater, with a more complex composition than synthetic oily wastewater, led to a higher irreversible fouling ratio (IFR).

Graphical Abstract