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<p>This study investigates the mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomer (PUE) composites reinforced with nano-silica. Initially, nano-silica with a particle size of 12&#xa0;nm was mechanically dispersed into polycarbonate diol (PCDL), serving as the soft segment for the synthesis of PUE. Subsequently, nano-silica/PUE was prepared using an in situ polymerization method. Chemical characterization and microscopic morphology analysis confirmed the presence of chemical bonds and molecular structures formed between nano-silica and PUE. Uniaxial tensile and compression tests revealed that the addition of nano-silica significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of nano-silica/PUE. The compressive performance of nano-silica/PUE was optimal at a nano-silica mass fraction of 12%, with a stress–strain curve approaching linearity. However, the tensile performance of nano-silica/PUE was optimal at a nano-silica mass fraction of 9%, reaching 8.30&#xa0;MPa, which is a 108.2% increase compared to neat PUE. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) demonstrated that within the temperature range of 0 to 20&#xa0;°C, the storage modulus of nano-silica/PUE with a nano-silica mass fraction of 9% was the highest, being 41.71% greater than that of neat PUE. However, the loss factor of nano-silica/PUE increased with the increase in nano-silica mass fraction, and the damping performance was optimal when the mass fraction was 15%.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Preparation and property study of nano-silica-reinforced polyurethane elastomers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月14日

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  • Jiantao Xu,
  • Nianwu Liu,
  • Minghai Wei,
  • Li Sun

摘要

This study investigates the mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomer (PUE) composites reinforced with nano-silica. Initially, nano-silica with a particle size of 12 nm was mechanically dispersed into polycarbonate diol (PCDL), serving as the soft segment for the synthesis of PUE. Subsequently, nano-silica/PUE was prepared using an in situ polymerization method. Chemical characterization and microscopic morphology analysis confirmed the presence of chemical bonds and molecular structures formed between nano-silica and PUE. Uniaxial tensile and compression tests revealed that the addition of nano-silica significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of nano-silica/PUE. The compressive performance of nano-silica/PUE was optimal at a nano-silica mass fraction of 12%, with a stress–strain curve approaching linearity. However, the tensile performance of nano-silica/PUE was optimal at a nano-silica mass fraction of 9%, reaching 8.30 MPa, which is a 108.2% increase compared to neat PUE. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) demonstrated that within the temperature range of 0 to 20 °C, the storage modulus of nano-silica/PUE with a nano-silica mass fraction of 9% was the highest, being 41.71% greater than that of neat PUE. However, the loss factor of nano-silica/PUE increased with the increase in nano-silica mass fraction, and the damping performance was optimal when the mass fraction was 15%.

Graphical abstract