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<p>Cancer, a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, poses a global threat, with millions of new cases identified every year. Among various therapies for cancer, chemotherapy can particularly cause side effects beyond the intended cancer cells, such as alopecia, or hair loss. Aerial roots of banyan tree (<i>Ficus benghalensis</i> L.) and fox nut (<i>Euryale ferox</i> Salisb.) are two of the many herbs that have been utilized to treat alopecia since ancient times. In this research, both herbs’ phytoconstituents are accumulated to explore shared genes linked to cancer and alopecia using network pharmacology. Cytoscape was used to construct the network between phytoconstituents of fox nut for alopecia and cancer, and the aerial roots of the banyan tree for alopecia and cancer. The aerial roots of banyan tree and fox nut shared common genes like NFKB1, STAT3, MTOR, ITK, and KDM1A/LSD1 that can help combat cancer and cancer-induced alopecia. Further, molecular docking and dynamics studies using Schrödinger software revealed the excellent binding affinity of the phytoconstituents with these genes. Overall, the study provides comprehensive insights into the particular phytoconstituents of aerial roots of the banyan tree and the fox nut that demonstrate dual benefits in the treatment of cancer and the management of alopecia caused by cancer. The results will help develop targeted treatments that address both issues at the same time, improving cancer patients’ overall quality of life.</p>

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Network pharmacology approach: harnessing phytochemicals from Euryale Ferox Salisb. and Ficus Benghalensis L. for cancer and cancer-induced alopecia treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月7日

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  • Ruchi Pathak,
  • Paresh K. Patel,
  • Sneha R. Sagar

摘要

Cancer, a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, poses a global threat, with millions of new cases identified every year. Among various therapies for cancer, chemotherapy can particularly cause side effects beyond the intended cancer cells, such as alopecia, or hair loss. Aerial roots of banyan tree (Ficus benghalensis L.) and fox nut (Euryale ferox Salisb.) are two of the many herbs that have been utilized to treat alopecia since ancient times. In this research, both herbs’ phytoconstituents are accumulated to explore shared genes linked to cancer and alopecia using network pharmacology. Cytoscape was used to construct the network between phytoconstituents of fox nut for alopecia and cancer, and the aerial roots of the banyan tree for alopecia and cancer. The aerial roots of banyan tree and fox nut shared common genes like NFKB1, STAT3, MTOR, ITK, and KDM1A/LSD1 that can help combat cancer and cancer-induced alopecia. Further, molecular docking and dynamics studies using Schrödinger software revealed the excellent binding affinity of the phytoconstituents with these genes. Overall, the study provides comprehensive insights into the particular phytoconstituents of aerial roots of the banyan tree and the fox nut that demonstrate dual benefits in the treatment of cancer and the management of alopecia caused by cancer. The results will help develop targeted treatments that address both issues at the same time, improving cancer patients’ overall quality of life.