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Purpose of Review <p>As the aging population grows, identifying interventions that meaningfully improve physiologic health is increasingly important. This review examines recent evidence (2019–2025) on exercise, nutrition, pharmacologic, and multimodal interventions aimed at preserving function and extending healthspan in adults aged ≥ 65 years.</p> Recent Findings <p>Exercise and protein supplementation—particularly when combined—consistently improve muscle strength, mobility, and cardiovascular fitness. Multidomain lifestyle programs delay disability and enhance physical function. Novel approaches, including pharmaconutrition, senolytics, and stem cell therapies, target aging processes such as inflammation, cellular senescence, and sarcopenia. These early-phase interventions show promise for improving strength, reducing frailty, and potentially slowing biological aging.</p> Summary <p>Targeted interventions can improve physiologic outcomes and functional status in older adults. Lifestyle strategies remain foundational, while emerging geroscience-based therapies may offer additive benefits. Future research should clarify optimal combinations, timing, and patient selection to guide personalized, integrative approaches to healthy aging.</p>

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Clinically Meaningful or Just Measurable? What Physiologic Outcomes Tell Us about Aging Interventions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月18日

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  • Brittany Butts,
  • Christopher Herring,
  • Chloe Park,
  • Enid Swatson,
  • Jordan Watson,
  • Whitney Wharton

摘要

Purpose of Review

As the aging population grows, identifying interventions that meaningfully improve physiologic health is increasingly important. This review examines recent evidence (2019–2025) on exercise, nutrition, pharmacologic, and multimodal interventions aimed at preserving function and extending healthspan in adults aged ≥ 65 years.

Recent Findings

Exercise and protein supplementation—particularly when combined—consistently improve muscle strength, mobility, and cardiovascular fitness. Multidomain lifestyle programs delay disability and enhance physical function. Novel approaches, including pharmaconutrition, senolytics, and stem cell therapies, target aging processes such as inflammation, cellular senescence, and sarcopenia. These early-phase interventions show promise for improving strength, reducing frailty, and potentially slowing biological aging.

Summary

Targeted interventions can improve physiologic outcomes and functional status in older adults. Lifestyle strategies remain foundational, while emerging geroscience-based therapies may offer additive benefits. Future research should clarify optimal combinations, timing, and patient selection to guide personalized, integrative approaches to healthy aging.