Purpose of Review <p>This article will review existing literature on the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pelvic pain syndrome, with the goal of increasing knowledge and recognition of this entity amongst readers.</p> Recent Findings <p>Myofascial pelvic pain results from a cycle of muscular overactivation, with eventual formation of painful trigger points. It is diagnosed clinically, primarily via physical examination. Pelvic floor physical therapy is the mainstay of management, with options for adjunctive therapies including oral and vaginal medications and trigger point injections.</p> Summary <p>Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for myofascial pelvic pain syndrome as a contributor to chronic pelvic pain and should be able to educate patients on this diagnosis. Knowledge of the pelvic floor musculature allows for accurate physical examination and administration of trigger point injections. Further evidence is needed regarding pharmacologic and adjunctive therapies for pelvic floor myofascial pain.</p>