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Purpose of Review <p>Bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are closely interrelated, with NTM capable of being both a cause and consequence of bronchiectasis. Given the considerable challenges in diagnosis and treating the NTM infection, a systematic approach to identifying the organism and initiating the treatment is required to improve the clinical outcomes and quality of life.</p> Recent Findings <p>The decision to treat is based on a number of patient and microbiological factors. Newer studies are evaluating the role of serological biomarkers and sputum microbial composition to identify those at risk of progression and requiring treatment.</p> Summary <p>Before proceeding to treat a patient of NTM Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD), careful assessment of the pathogenicity of the organism, risks and benefits of therapy, goals of therapy, as well as the patient's wish and ability to receive it should be discussed. Not all NTM-PD patients require treatment, and various patient and microbiological factors must be considered while treating patients with NTM-PD.</p>

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Bronchiectasis and Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Infection: Who Needs Treatment?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月25日

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  • Shweta Arora,
  • Yash Kedia,
  • Sumita Agrawal,
  • Nitesh Gupta

摘要

Purpose of Review

Bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are closely interrelated, with NTM capable of being both a cause and consequence of bronchiectasis. Given the considerable challenges in diagnosis and treating the NTM infection, a systematic approach to identifying the organism and initiating the treatment is required to improve the clinical outcomes and quality of life.

Recent Findings

The decision to treat is based on a number of patient and microbiological factors. Newer studies are evaluating the role of serological biomarkers and sputum microbial composition to identify those at risk of progression and requiring treatment.

Summary

Before proceeding to treat a patient of NTM Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD), careful assessment of the pathogenicity of the organism, risks and benefits of therapy, goals of therapy, as well as the patient's wish and ability to receive it should be discussed. Not all NTM-PD patients require treatment, and various patient and microbiological factors must be considered while treating patients with NTM-PD.