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<p>Different microstructures were generated through various heat treatments on AISI 4140 low alloy steel. The microstructures, including ferrite-pearlite, ferrite-bainite, martensite, and ferrite-martensite, were created through a series of metallurgical processes to build a dataset of microscopic images. The specimens were subjected to heat treatments at different temperatures in the range of 800–950&#xa0;°C (in increments of 25&#xa0;°C), followed by quenching in various media (RO water, brine, oil, and static air). The images were then segmented using the KNN algorithm, and the phases were quantified, to investigate the influence of phase fractions and types on torsion strength and microhardness properties. Torsion and microhardness tests were performed at room temperature on 30 groups of specimens. The results showed that the type and distribution of phases were the dominant factors in determining the properties of a specific microstructure, rather than the exact phase percentages.</p>

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Impact of Microstructural Phase Percentages Quantified Using KNN Algorithm on Torsional Strength and Microhardness of AISI 4140 Heat-Treated Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月15日

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  • Zainab A. Ibrahim,
  • Nathera A. Saleh,
  • Murtadha A. Jabbar

摘要

Different microstructures were generated through various heat treatments on AISI 4140 low alloy steel. The microstructures, including ferrite-pearlite, ferrite-bainite, martensite, and ferrite-martensite, were created through a series of metallurgical processes to build a dataset of microscopic images. The specimens were subjected to heat treatments at different temperatures in the range of 800–950 °C (in increments of 25 °C), followed by quenching in various media (RO water, brine, oil, and static air). The images were then segmented using the KNN algorithm, and the phases were quantified, to investigate the influence of phase fractions and types on torsion strength and microhardness properties. Torsion and microhardness tests were performed at room temperature on 30 groups of specimens. The results showed that the type and distribution of phases were the dominant factors in determining the properties of a specific microstructure, rather than the exact phase percentages.