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<p>Haynes-230, a nickel-based superalloy strengthened by carbides, is crucial for high-temperature applications such as rocket engines and nuclear power plants. Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is an emerging additive manufacturing technique offering high deposition rates with moderate dimensional accuracy. This study involved fabricating Haynes-230 samples using WAAM with argon shielding and a two-parallel bead bilateral scan strategy. Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) analysis, performed at two heating rates on feedstock and WAAM samples (as-printed and solution-annealed), examined secondary phase evolution. Heat flow trends indicated the formation of chromium-rich M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> and molybdenum-rich M<sub>6</sub>C carbides. Findings aligned with the literature, ThermoCalc phase fraction simulations, and SEM-EDS analysis of overaged WAAM and feedstock samples at DSC peak/dip temperatures. In WAAM samples, M<sub>6</sub>C carbides nucleated at lower temperatures than feedstock, attributed to inherent microstructural differences arising from distinct thermal cycling of the WAAM process.</p>

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Investigations on Phase Stability of Haynes-230 Processed by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • Aishwary Mishra,
  • P. Chakravarthy,
  • S. V. S. Narayana Murty

摘要

Haynes-230, a nickel-based superalloy strengthened by carbides, is crucial for high-temperature applications such as rocket engines and nuclear power plants. Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is an emerging additive manufacturing technique offering high deposition rates with moderate dimensional accuracy. This study involved fabricating Haynes-230 samples using WAAM with argon shielding and a two-parallel bead bilateral scan strategy. Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) analysis, performed at two heating rates on feedstock and WAAM samples (as-printed and solution-annealed), examined secondary phase evolution. Heat flow trends indicated the formation of chromium-rich M23C6 and molybdenum-rich M6C carbides. Findings aligned with the literature, ThermoCalc phase fraction simulations, and SEM-EDS analysis of overaged WAAM and feedstock samples at DSC peak/dip temperatures. In WAAM samples, M6C carbides nucleated at lower temperatures than feedstock, attributed to inherent microstructural differences arising from distinct thermal cycling of the WAAM process.