Polyalthia longifolia var. angustifolia thw.: a review of ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology applications and future prospects as a green anti-aging agent
摘要
Aging involves a series of complex physiological changes that progressively impair cellular function. While chronological aging is inevitable, biological aging is influenced by modifiable factors such as oxidative stress, telomere shortening, chronic inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent research highlights the potential of medicinal plants in managing age-related conditions due to their rich phytochemical content. These bioactive compounds can promote cellular repair, scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhance telomerase activity, and support tissue regeneration. Polyalthia longifolia var. angustifolia (Thw.), a member of the Annonaceae family traditionally used for rejuvenation, has demonstrated significant anti-aging properties in both yeast and animal models. In vitro and in vivo studies, in particular, provide valuable insights into the anti-aging activity of this plant and its potential applications. This review explores the aging process, outlines the pharmacological profile of P. longifolia, and highlights its key anti-aging constituents, particularly flavonoids, tannins, phenolics, and carbohydrates, which are recognized for their well-documented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cellular protective properties. Moreover, P. longifolia has shown promising effects against various age-associated disorders, including diabetes, hypertension, liver and kidney dysfunctions, inflammation, and oxidative damage. These benefits are largely attributed to its ability to modulate inflammatory pathways, minimize oxidative stress, and regulate abnormal cell proliferation, thereby supporting healthy aging. With its diverse pharmacological properties and abundant bioactive compounds, P. longifolia emerges as a promising natural agent in the field of anti-aging research. Its ethnobotanical significance, phytochemical richness, and therapeutic applications suggest strong potential for development into a sustainable, plant-based strategy to mitigate aging and related health issues.