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<p>Zoysiagrass is highly valued in landscaping applications due to its adaptability. However, interspecific relationships among different <i>Zoysia</i> species remain unclear; thus, chromosomal studies are necessary to inform breeding programs for these species. Ribosomal DNAs serve as cytogenetic markers for chromosomal analysis; however, relevant studies on <i>Zoysia</i> species are limited. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the chromosome composition and genome size of <i>Zoysia japonica</i>, <i>Z. tenuifolia</i>, and <i>Z. sinica</i> using flow cytometry and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with pre-labeled oligonucleotide probes (PLOPs) targeting 5S rDNAs, 45S rDNAs, and telomeric repeats. The chromosome lengths were 0.58–1.59&#xa0;μm in <i>Z. japonica</i>, 1.23–2.32&#xa0;μm in <i>Z. tenuifolia</i>, and 1.08–3.14&#xa0;μm in <i>Z. sinica</i>. All three species exhibited 2<i>n</i> = 4<i>x</i> = 40 with slightly distinct karyotypic formulas. PLOP-FISH analysis revealed two 5S rDNA loci and four 45S rDNA loci across the species, with two of the 45S loci colocalized with 5S rDNA on chromosome #7. These colocalized 5–45S rDNA loci were in the interstitial region of the short arm. The 2C nuclear DNA contents were 0.86 pg for <i>Z. japonica</i>, 0.83 pg for <i>Z. tenuifolia</i>, and 0.80 pg for <i>Z. sinica</i>. Physical mapping of these universal repeat sequences, combined with genome size estimation, provides chromosomal-level information on the <i>Zoysia</i> genome organization. Our research will lay a foundation for further molecular-level genomic research into, and breeding efforts for <i>Zoysia</i> species.</p>

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Triple-color PLOP-FISH analyses and genome size estimation in three Zoysia species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Saraswathi Umavathi,
  • Byung Yong Kang,
  • Hyun Hee Kim

摘要

Zoysiagrass is highly valued in landscaping applications due to its adaptability. However, interspecific relationships among different Zoysia species remain unclear; thus, chromosomal studies are necessary to inform breeding programs for these species. Ribosomal DNAs serve as cytogenetic markers for chromosomal analysis; however, relevant studies on Zoysia species are limited. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the chromosome composition and genome size of Zoysia japonica, Z. tenuifolia, and Z. sinica using flow cytometry and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with pre-labeled oligonucleotide probes (PLOPs) targeting 5S rDNAs, 45S rDNAs, and telomeric repeats. The chromosome lengths were 0.58–1.59 μm in Z. japonica, 1.23–2.32 μm in Z. tenuifolia, and 1.08–3.14 μm in Z. sinica. All three species exhibited 2n = 4x = 40 with slightly distinct karyotypic formulas. PLOP-FISH analysis revealed two 5S rDNA loci and four 45S rDNA loci across the species, with two of the 45S loci colocalized with 5S rDNA on chromosome #7. These colocalized 5–45S rDNA loci were in the interstitial region of the short arm. The 2C nuclear DNA contents were 0.86 pg for Z. japonica, 0.83 pg for Z. tenuifolia, and 0.80 pg for Z. sinica. Physical mapping of these universal repeat sequences, combined with genome size estimation, provides chromosomal-level information on the Zoysia genome organization. Our research will lay a foundation for further molecular-level genomic research into, and breeding efforts for Zoysia species.