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<p>Research on elicitation in rosemary has mainly focused on increasing the yield of essential oil (EO). However, there is little information regarding the impact of elicitation on the levels of carnosic acid (CA) and its derivative, carnosol (COL), in rosemary leaves. In this study, we investigated the effects of the elicitors salicylic acid (SA) and seaweed extract (SWE) on the growth, biosynthesis of secondary compounds, and antioxidant activity in rosemary plants cultivated in a greenhouse. We performed two experiments in which we sprayed SA and SWE at four regular intervals and collected leaves at different times after the last application of the elicitors. Plants treated with SA and SWE showed a significantly elevated EO content, but they did not show morphological alterations. The EO of plants treated with SWE presented higher α-pinene, β-myrcene, and 1,8-cineole concentrations. The leaf extract of the elicited plants showed higher antioxidant activity based on analysis of β-carotene. The elicitation of plants with SA and SWE promoted inhibition of CA biosynthesis and stimulated its oxidation into COL at 24 and 48&#xa0;h after spraying the plants. At harvest, however, the plants showed no differences regarding CA, but there was a higher concentration of COL in the leaf extract. Additionally, there was a decrease in rosmarinic acid in the plants treated with SWE at 24 and 48&#xa0;h after spraying, and at harvest. In a second experiment, we also investigated the expression of the key genes related to CA biosynthesis. Both elicitors provoked changes in <i>CPS1</i> and <i>KSL2</i> gene expression in leaves collected 24 and 48&#xa0;h after spraying. These results indicate the potential of elicitation with SA and SWE as a strategy for obtaining rosemary plants with higher EO and COL foliar concentrations for industrial purposes.</p>

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Salicylic acid and seaweed extract increase essential oil production and alter the concentration of carnosic acid and carnosol in rosemary plants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月9日

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  • Ana Claudia Pacheco,
  • Mateus Modesto Bosisio,
  • Tiago Benedito dos Santos,
  • Luciana Machado Guaberto,
  • Hélida Mara Magalhães,
  • Silvia Graciele Hulse de Souza,
  • Alessandra Ferreira Ribas,
  • Cícero Deschamps,
  • Roger Raupp Cipriano

摘要

Research on elicitation in rosemary has mainly focused on increasing the yield of essential oil (EO). However, there is little information regarding the impact of elicitation on the levels of carnosic acid (CA) and its derivative, carnosol (COL), in rosemary leaves. In this study, we investigated the effects of the elicitors salicylic acid (SA) and seaweed extract (SWE) on the growth, biosynthesis of secondary compounds, and antioxidant activity in rosemary plants cultivated in a greenhouse. We performed two experiments in which we sprayed SA and SWE at four regular intervals and collected leaves at different times after the last application of the elicitors. Plants treated with SA and SWE showed a significantly elevated EO content, but they did not show morphological alterations. The EO of plants treated with SWE presented higher α-pinene, β-myrcene, and 1,8-cineole concentrations. The leaf extract of the elicited plants showed higher antioxidant activity based on analysis of β-carotene. The elicitation of plants with SA and SWE promoted inhibition of CA biosynthesis and stimulated its oxidation into COL at 24 and 48 h after spraying the plants. At harvest, however, the plants showed no differences regarding CA, but there was a higher concentration of COL in the leaf extract. Additionally, there was a decrease in rosmarinic acid in the plants treated with SWE at 24 and 48 h after spraying, and at harvest. In a second experiment, we also investigated the expression of the key genes related to CA biosynthesis. Both elicitors provoked changes in CPS1 and KSL2 gene expression in leaves collected 24 and 48 h after spraying. These results indicate the potential of elicitation with SA and SWE as a strategy for obtaining rosemary plants with higher EO and COL foliar concentrations for industrial purposes.