Establishment and characterization of a novel patient-derived cell line from conventional central grade 3 chondrosarcoma, NCC-CS1-C1

Chondrosarcoma (CS) is a malignant tumor that produces cartilaginous matrix and is the second most common primary bone sarcoma. CS encompasses a range of histological subtypes, with high-grade conventional central CS being particularly rare, occurring at a rate of 1.81 cases per 1 million person-years. Complete surgical resection is the standard curative treatment for this subtype, as radiation therapy and chemotherapy have proven ineffective. High-grade conventional central CS is highly metastatic and prone to recurrence, resulting in a poor prognosis. Therefore, effective multidisciplinary treatment strategies are urgently needed. Patient-derived cell lines offer promising tools for exploring new therapeutic approaches. However, only two cell lines of high-grade CSs are currently available in public cell banks. In this study, we aimed to establish a novel cell line for high-grade conventional central CS. We successfully developed the NCC-CS1-C1 cell line using surgically resected tumor tissues from a patient with conventional central grade 3 CS. This cell line harbored an IDH1 mutation (p.R132S), commonly found in 50% of CS cases, and exhibited complex copy number variants. A high-throughput screening of 221 anti-cancer drugs identified five candidates—bortezomib, carfilzomib, doxorubicin, panobinostat, and romidepsin—that demonstrated low IC50 values, indicating potential efficacy in treating CS. These findings suggest that NCC-CS1-C1 is a valuable tool for both preclinical and basic research on high-grade conventional central CS.