<p>The case of the Las Bambas megamine in the Apurímac region of Peru is particularly noteworthy, not only because it represents one of the largest mining contracts in the country’s history but also because of the challenges encountered in managing the project. This article presents an interim assessment of the main socio-economic and environmental consequences, revealing a mixed balance in terms of the project’s impact, within a context marked by intense conflict between local communities and the concessionaire company. Based on this evaluation, we provide several key recommendations to enhance both the assessment and management of large-scale mining projects.</p>