Driving regional development through critical minerals: a case study of the lithium policy mix in Argentina

This article explores Argentina's multi-level policy mix aimed at advancing productive and technological capabilities within the lithium mining and lithium-ion battery value chains, crucial for the energy transition. Through a case-study analysis of federal policies as well those implemented by the provinces of Catamarca, Jujuy, and Salta, the research underscores the challenges faced by sub-national lithium-rich regions in capitalizing on the energy transition. Emphasizing the necessity of strategic vision, the findings highlight the importance of coordinated efforts across government levels, knowledge-based collaboration, supply and demand policy alignment, and ample resource support. The study advocates for a multi-level governance structure to effectively coordinate activities between and among government levels resource-rich regions.