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<p><i>Tomato Leaf Curl Bangalore Virus</i> (ToLCBaV) is a major pathogen affecting tomato crops causing significant economic losses. The plant’s antioxidative defense system plays a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress induced by both biotic and abiotic stresses. While enzymatic antioxidants have been extensively studied, the contribution of non-enzymatic antioxidants in the context of <i>Begomovirus</i> infection remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the non-enzymatic antioxidative response of tomato plants upon ToLCBaV infection in two contrasting genotypes at different time interval of disease progression. Tomato plants IIHR 2611 (Resistant) and IIHR 2843 (Susceptible) were infected with ToLCBaV using whitefly mediated inoculation under controlled growth conditions. Leaf samples were collected at specific time points post-infection, and non-enzymatic antioxidative parameters like phenolic acids and flavonoids were analyzed. Resistant plants showed significantly higher phenolic content, peaking at 15 DPI (3631.43&#xa0;µg/g). Conversely, susceptible plants only showed significant increases later, reaching a maximum at 21 DPI (1875.58&#xa0;µg/g). LC-MS/MS analysis revealed alterations in Benzoic acids, clorogenic acid, t-cinnamicacid and syringicacid profiles upon ToLCBaV infection. In the RI plants, flavonoids—including quercetin (7.50&#xa0;µg/g), rutin (3.91 ng/g), myristin (20.18&#xa0;µg/g) and epigallocatechin (3918.64&#xa0;µg/g) consistently accumulated at higher levels than in other samples throughout the infection. This accumulation reached its maximum at 21 DPI, likely serving as a mechanism for photoprotection and ROS scavenging in the resistant genotype. The findings highlight that the non-enzymatic antioxidants, particularly phenolics and flavonoids, mediate the tomato’s antioxidative response to ToLCBaV by minimizing oxidative damage during infection.</p>

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Non-enzymatic antioxidative response upon ToLCBaV infection in contrasting genotypes of tomato

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • Bhavya Chidambara,
  • Avverahally T. Sadashiva,
  • K. S. Shivashankara,
  • Kundapura V. Ravishankar

摘要

Tomato Leaf Curl Bangalore Virus (ToLCBaV) is a major pathogen affecting tomato crops causing significant economic losses. The plant’s antioxidative defense system plays a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress induced by both biotic and abiotic stresses. While enzymatic antioxidants have been extensively studied, the contribution of non-enzymatic antioxidants in the context of Begomovirus infection remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the non-enzymatic antioxidative response of tomato plants upon ToLCBaV infection in two contrasting genotypes at different time interval of disease progression. Tomato plants IIHR 2611 (Resistant) and IIHR 2843 (Susceptible) were infected with ToLCBaV using whitefly mediated inoculation under controlled growth conditions. Leaf samples were collected at specific time points post-infection, and non-enzymatic antioxidative parameters like phenolic acids and flavonoids were analyzed. Resistant plants showed significantly higher phenolic content, peaking at 15 DPI (3631.43 µg/g). Conversely, susceptible plants only showed significant increases later, reaching a maximum at 21 DPI (1875.58 µg/g). LC-MS/MS analysis revealed alterations in Benzoic acids, clorogenic acid, t-cinnamicacid and syringicacid profiles upon ToLCBaV infection. In the RI plants, flavonoids—including quercetin (7.50 µg/g), rutin (3.91 ng/g), myristin (20.18 µg/g) and epigallocatechin (3918.64 µg/g) consistently accumulated at higher levels than in other samples throughout the infection. This accumulation reached its maximum at 21 DPI, likely serving as a mechanism for photoprotection and ROS scavenging in the resistant genotype. The findings highlight that the non-enzymatic antioxidants, particularly phenolics and flavonoids, mediate the tomato’s antioxidative response to ToLCBaV by minimizing oxidative damage during infection.