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<p>The present study employed comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) to systematically analyze the essential oil (EO) composition of <i>Alpinia nigra</i> leaves. Hydrodistillation yielded 0.20% (v/w, fresh weight basis) EO, which was subjected to an in-depth chemical profiling. A total of 92 phytoconstituents were identified, accounting for 99.2% of the total oil composition. Major constituents included β-pinene (10.2%), camphor (6.5%), β-caryophyllene (4.8%), α-farnesene (3.1%), germacrene-D (2.9%), caryophyllene (2.7%), and myrtenal (2.4%). Significantly, 23 previously unreported compounds were identified, highlighting the enhanced resolution of GC×GC-TOFMS in volatile compound characterization. Conventional one-dimensional GC–MS analyses have offered only a partial view of the volatile composition of <i>A. nigra</i> leaf EO, often overlooking co-eluted and low-abundance constituents. To overcome these limitations, the present study utilizes comprehensive two-dimensional GC×GC-TOFMS for an in-depth chemical profiling. This advanced analytical technique, successfully resolved 92 volatile compounds, significantly expanding the known chemical spectrum compared to earlier reports. By effectively separating constituents based on polarity and enhancing resolution, the study provides a detailed chemical map of <i>A. nigra</i> leaf EO, underscoring its potential value in pharmacological applications, natural fragrances, and food sector.</p>

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Comprehensive profiling of secondary metabolites in Alpinia nigra leaf essential oil using GC×GC-TOFMS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月15日

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  • Suprava Sahoo,
  • Jyotirmayee Lenka,
  • Nikita Panda,
  • Sumitra Panda,
  • Basudeba Kar

摘要

The present study employed comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) to systematically analyze the essential oil (EO) composition of Alpinia nigra leaves. Hydrodistillation yielded 0.20% (v/w, fresh weight basis) EO, which was subjected to an in-depth chemical profiling. A total of 92 phytoconstituents were identified, accounting for 99.2% of the total oil composition. Major constituents included β-pinene (10.2%), camphor (6.5%), β-caryophyllene (4.8%), α-farnesene (3.1%), germacrene-D (2.9%), caryophyllene (2.7%), and myrtenal (2.4%). Significantly, 23 previously unreported compounds were identified, highlighting the enhanced resolution of GC×GC-TOFMS in volatile compound characterization. Conventional one-dimensional GC–MS analyses have offered only a partial view of the volatile composition of A. nigra leaf EO, often overlooking co-eluted and low-abundance constituents. To overcome these limitations, the present study utilizes comprehensive two-dimensional GC×GC-TOFMS for an in-depth chemical profiling. This advanced analytical technique, successfully resolved 92 volatile compounds, significantly expanding the known chemical spectrum compared to earlier reports. By effectively separating constituents based on polarity and enhancing resolution, the study provides a detailed chemical map of A. nigra leaf EO, underscoring its potential value in pharmacological applications, natural fragrances, and food sector.