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<p>In the field, plants usually have to face the combined effects of biotic and abiotic stresses. A field experiment was conducted during <i>Rabi</i> 2023–24 used 4 × 4 × 2 factorial design (four wheat genotypes × four different sowing dates × 2 types of stress) to evaluate heat and combined (aphid and heat) stress effects. Results revealed, early sowing consistently outperformed very late sowing across multiple parameters. For instance, early sowing resulted in higher grain yield per plant (26.16 to 16.44&#xa0;g). Among the four genotypes, HD2967 and DBW333 generally exhibited superior performance. HD2967 had the highest yield per plant with an average of all sowing dates (23.26&#xa0;g), while DBW333 showed the highest test weight (39.28&#xa0;g) and highest yield (16.23&#xa0;g) during very late sowing. The combination of heat and aphid stress typically resulted in more severe impacts compared to heat stress alone. Under individual stress, crop showed higher yield per plant (24.13&#xa0;g) than under combined stress (21.45&#xa0;g). Biochemical studies revealed that phenol and proline content increased during very late sown conditions when compared to other sowing dates, likely as stress responses. Conversely, early sowing resulted in higher total soluble protein and reducing sugars. This study also revealed that, combined stress induced higher levels of stress-response compounds i.e., 12.7% higher phenol content, 12.2% higher proline content, 17% higher total soluble sugars than individual stress conditions. Molecular characterization using 32 SSR markers identified 275 allelic variants, with distinct clustering patterns. RG4 and HD2967 shared 65% genetic similarity (potentially linked to aphid resistance), while DBW333 emerged as genetically distinct (46% similarity) yet heat-tolerant. These findings provide insights, how heat stress intensifies aphid damage in wheat morpho-physiological, biochemical and genetic responses, providing critical insights into plant-insect interactions under climate change scenarios.</p>

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Assessing the interactive effects of aphid infestation and heat stress on wheat physiology and yield

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月21日

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  • Priya,
  • Marri Keerthana,
  • Pushpa Singh,
  • Satish Kumar Singh,
  • Jyostnarani Pradhan,
  • Teikur Majaw,
  • Nidhi,
  • Morthala Shankara Sai Reddy

摘要

In the field, plants usually have to face the combined effects of biotic and abiotic stresses. A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2023–24 used 4 × 4 × 2 factorial design (four wheat genotypes × four different sowing dates × 2 types of stress) to evaluate heat and combined (aphid and heat) stress effects. Results revealed, early sowing consistently outperformed very late sowing across multiple parameters. For instance, early sowing resulted in higher grain yield per plant (26.16 to 16.44 g). Among the four genotypes, HD2967 and DBW333 generally exhibited superior performance. HD2967 had the highest yield per plant with an average of all sowing dates (23.26 g), while DBW333 showed the highest test weight (39.28 g) and highest yield (16.23 g) during very late sowing. The combination of heat and aphid stress typically resulted in more severe impacts compared to heat stress alone. Under individual stress, crop showed higher yield per plant (24.13 g) than under combined stress (21.45 g). Biochemical studies revealed that phenol and proline content increased during very late sown conditions when compared to other sowing dates, likely as stress responses. Conversely, early sowing resulted in higher total soluble protein and reducing sugars. This study also revealed that, combined stress induced higher levels of stress-response compounds i.e., 12.7% higher phenol content, 12.2% higher proline content, 17% higher total soluble sugars than individual stress conditions. Molecular characterization using 32 SSR markers identified 275 allelic variants, with distinct clustering patterns. RG4 and HD2967 shared 65% genetic similarity (potentially linked to aphid resistance), while DBW333 emerged as genetically distinct (46% similarity) yet heat-tolerant. These findings provide insights, how heat stress intensifies aphid damage in wheat morpho-physiological, biochemical and genetic responses, providing critical insights into plant-insect interactions under climate change scenarios.