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<p>Imazethapyr (IM), a post-emergence herbicide, controls weed infestation in lentil by inhibiting branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) synthesis. This study explores the roles of threonine deaminase (TD) and leucine dehydrogenase (LeuDH) in BCAA biosynthesis and their regulation by effector molecules in IM-tolerant (LL1397 and LL1612) and susceptible (FLIP2004-7&#xa0;L and PL07) lentil genotypes under control, weed interference, and IM-treated conditions. Tolerant genotypes exhibited increased TD and LeuDH activities, while susceptible genotypes showed significant reductions under weed competition. IM effectively suppressed TD and LeuDH activities in weeds, reinforcing its role in inhibiting amino acid metabolism for weed control. TD activity exhibited a consistent pattern of inhibition, stimulation, and reactivation in response to isoleucine, valine, and their combination, irrespective of herbicide treatment or weed interference. Higher TD activity in tolerant genotypes enhanced α-ketobutyrate levels, facilitating isoleucine synthesis. Additionally, TD and LeuDH exhibited a functional interconnection, as TD-derived α-ketobutyrate served as a substrate for LeuDH, producing pyruvate essential for carbon flux and nitrogen assimilation. This is the first study elucidating the TD-LeuDH interaction in IM tolerance, offering new insights into BCAA metabolism and herbicide tolerance, with implications for enhancing stress tolerance in crops for sustainable agriculture.</p>

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Enhanced activities of threonine deaminase and leucine dehydrogenase ameliorates the impact of imazethapyr in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月24日

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  • Shivani,
  • Satvir Kaur Grewal,
  • Ranjit Kaur Gill,
  • Harpreet Kaur Virk,
  • Rachana D. Bhardwaj

摘要

Imazethapyr (IM), a post-emergence herbicide, controls weed infestation in lentil by inhibiting branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) synthesis. This study explores the roles of threonine deaminase (TD) and leucine dehydrogenase (LeuDH) in BCAA biosynthesis and their regulation by effector molecules in IM-tolerant (LL1397 and LL1612) and susceptible (FLIP2004-7 L and PL07) lentil genotypes under control, weed interference, and IM-treated conditions. Tolerant genotypes exhibited increased TD and LeuDH activities, while susceptible genotypes showed significant reductions under weed competition. IM effectively suppressed TD and LeuDH activities in weeds, reinforcing its role in inhibiting amino acid metabolism for weed control. TD activity exhibited a consistent pattern of inhibition, stimulation, and reactivation in response to isoleucine, valine, and their combination, irrespective of herbicide treatment or weed interference. Higher TD activity in tolerant genotypes enhanced α-ketobutyrate levels, facilitating isoleucine synthesis. Additionally, TD and LeuDH exhibited a functional interconnection, as TD-derived α-ketobutyrate served as a substrate for LeuDH, producing pyruvate essential for carbon flux and nitrogen assimilation. This is the first study elucidating the TD-LeuDH interaction in IM tolerance, offering new insights into BCAA metabolism and herbicide tolerance, with implications for enhancing stress tolerance in crops for sustainable agriculture.