Introduction <p>Baricitinib has shown positive results in clinical trials both from efficacy and safety outcomes; however, there is still a need to further understand its use in routine practice in Spain.</p> Methods <p>This observational study aimed to describe treatment patterns, persistence, and effectiveness of baricitinib among adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) in Spain. A retrospective chart review was carried out in 13&#xa0;hospitals across Spain. Effectiveness was described using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), the Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA), and the Itch and Sleep numerical rating scales (NRS) recorded as part of routine clinical practice. Persistence to treatment was estimated using Kaplan–Meier curves.</p> Results <p>Seventy-four patients were included and followed for a mean of 42.1 (standard deviation, SD 21.4) weeks. At baseline, over half of the patients had severe AD, with an EASI &gt; 21 (63%) and an IGA-4 (56.8%). Patients had received a mean of 2.4 (SD 1.2) prior systemic treatments and were prescribed baricitinib mainly due to lack of effectiveness of previous treatment. Most patients were prescribed baricitinib as the sole systemic treatment for AD and did not receive any other systemic treatment during the follow-up. During the study period, 39.2% of patients discontinued baricitinib, mainly due to lack of effectiveness. At week&#xa0;16, 69.7% of patients who remained on treatment and had a measurement available achieved a ≥ 75% improvement from baseline in the EASI (EASI75) response and 79.3% an IGA score of 0 or 1.</p> Conclusions <p>Among patients who remained on treatment, baricitinib showed meaningful clinical improvements in routine clinical practice in Spain. Our findings highlight rapid and sustained clinical improvements, aligning with that observed in other real-world studies.</p> <p>Infographic available for this article.</p>