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<p>We report a modified topological interface state (TIS) in one-dimensional photonic crystals (1D PhCs) by introducing a hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) cavity composed of GST and ITO at the interface. This design enables precise control over the spectral position and angular robustness of TIS. Unlike conventional 1D PhCs, where TISs blue-shift with increasing incident angle, the embedded HMM yields an angle-insensitive TIS at 1165 nm with <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(78\%\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> absorption under TM polarisation and an angular sensitivity of only <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1.1\%\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The phase-change behaviour of GST enables dynamic tuning, shifting the TIS from 1162 to 1211.2 nm while maintaining an absorption <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(&gt; 70\%\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. By adjusting the crystallisation level between 0 and 0.4, and leveraging the counteracting effects of temperature and angle, we achieved a zero-shift spectral window. Our findings pave the way for the development of robust, tunable topological photonic platforms for sensing, switching, and active light control.</p>

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Angle-Independent Topological Interface States in 1D Photonic Crystals with Chalcogenide-Based Hyperbolic Metamaterials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月14日

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  • Anas Ittepadan,
  • Jitendra Kumar Behera,
  • Chittaranjan Nayak

摘要

We report a modified topological interface state (TIS) in one-dimensional photonic crystals (1D PhCs) by introducing a hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) cavity composed of GST and ITO at the interface. This design enables precise control over the spectral position and angular robustness of TIS. Unlike conventional 1D PhCs, where TISs blue-shift with increasing incident angle, the embedded HMM yields an angle-insensitive TIS at 1165 nm with \(78\%\) absorption under TM polarisation and an angular sensitivity of only \(1.1\%\) . The phase-change behaviour of GST enables dynamic tuning, shifting the TIS from 1162 to 1211.2 nm while maintaining an absorption \(> 70\%\) . By adjusting the crystallisation level between 0 and 0.4, and leveraging the counteracting effects of temperature and angle, we achieved a zero-shift spectral window. Our findings pave the way for the development of robust, tunable topological photonic platforms for sensing, switching, and active light control.