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<p>The stenosis is narrowing of blood vessels-disrupts the usual hemodynamics and can lead to serious cerebral consequences, including cognitive decline, brain strokes cause the brain disorder, and other neurologically disabling outcomes. The present study investigates the flow of a hybrid nanofluid based on blood through an elliptical artery afflicted with multiple stenoses, using a Sutterby non-Newtonian fluid model. Such geometrical and rheological complexities mirror the pathological conditions of the carotid and cerebral arteries, in which altered blood flow contributes to brain dysfunction and neurovascular disability. The use of nanoparticles for the detection and treatment of brain tumors and other arterial diseases is of great importance. In the proposed study, single and multi-wall carbon nanotubes are used as nanoparticles in the base fluid (blood). The relevant mathematical model is converted to a non-dimensional form using non-dimensional variables, and the nonlinearity is reduced by imposing mild stenosis conditions. The local sensitivity analysis concluded that the stenosis height was the most sensitive parameter, leading to imprecision and unpredictability in the flow temperature and velocity. Thus, fuzzification is applied to this sensitive parameter by treating it as a triangular fuzzy number. A thorough graphical analysis is conducted of the crisp and fuzzy solutions. It is found that velocity diminishes by nearly 2% towards non-symmetric stenosis, while it increases by almost 2% when the stenosis height is increased by 4%.</p>

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Investigation of Randomness in Blood-Based Nanofluid Due to Stenosis in Elliptic Arteries: Modeling in Fuzzy Environment towards the Neurovascular Disability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Aleeza Arshad,
  • Kamel Guedri,
  • Muhammad Hasnain Shahzad,
  • Sohail Nadeem,
  • Aziz Ullah Awan,
  • N. Ameer Ahammad,
  • Bandar M. Fadhl

摘要

The stenosis is narrowing of blood vessels-disrupts the usual hemodynamics and can lead to serious cerebral consequences, including cognitive decline, brain strokes cause the brain disorder, and other neurologically disabling outcomes. The present study investigates the flow of a hybrid nanofluid based on blood through an elliptical artery afflicted with multiple stenoses, using a Sutterby non-Newtonian fluid model. Such geometrical and rheological complexities mirror the pathological conditions of the carotid and cerebral arteries, in which altered blood flow contributes to brain dysfunction and neurovascular disability. The use of nanoparticles for the detection and treatment of brain tumors and other arterial diseases is of great importance. In the proposed study, single and multi-wall carbon nanotubes are used as nanoparticles in the base fluid (blood). The relevant mathematical model is converted to a non-dimensional form using non-dimensional variables, and the nonlinearity is reduced by imposing mild stenosis conditions. The local sensitivity analysis concluded that the stenosis height was the most sensitive parameter, leading to imprecision and unpredictability in the flow temperature and velocity. Thus, fuzzification is applied to this sensitive parameter by treating it as a triangular fuzzy number. A thorough graphical analysis is conducted of the crisp and fuzzy solutions. It is found that velocity diminishes by nearly 2% towards non-symmetric stenosis, while it increases by almost 2% when the stenosis height is increased by 4%.