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<p>This paper examines electron acceleration by Langmuir wave (LW) subject to combined external azimuthal and non-uniform axial magnetic fields. Numerical simulations indicate that introducing a non-uniform axial magnetic field, characterized by a linear axial variation parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\upalpha\:}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, enhances electron energy compared with the uniform-field case, with the energy increasing as the slope parameter grows. In this case, the energy gain increases by over 65% compared to that obtained in the presence of a uniform magnetic field, reaching approximately 2.55 GeV. The findings further indicate that applying an azimuthal magnetic field alone can raise electron energy gain to 2.9 GeV. When both non-uniform axial and azimuthal fields are applied together, the electron transverse momentum is amplified, enabling energies near 3.3 GeV. The study further analyzes the influence of LW amplitude and initial phase on the electron energy gain.</p>

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Combined Effect of Azimuthal and Axial Non-Uniform Magnetic Fields on Electron Acceleration by LWFA-Induced Langmuir Wave

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Mehdi Asri

摘要

This paper examines electron acceleration by Langmuir wave (LW) subject to combined external azimuthal and non-uniform axial magnetic fields. Numerical simulations indicate that introducing a non-uniform axial magnetic field, characterized by a linear axial variation parameter \(\:{\upalpha\:}\) , enhances electron energy compared with the uniform-field case, with the energy increasing as the slope parameter grows. In this case, the energy gain increases by over 65% compared to that obtained in the presence of a uniform magnetic field, reaching approximately 2.55 GeV. The findings further indicate that applying an azimuthal magnetic field alone can raise electron energy gain to 2.9 GeV. When both non-uniform axial and azimuthal fields are applied together, the electron transverse momentum is amplified, enabling energies near 3.3 GeV. The study further analyzes the influence of LW amplitude and initial phase on the electron energy gain.