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<p>This study explores the synthesis, structural, and functional characterization of poly-crystalline ceramics 0.92BaTi<sub>1 − x</sub>Zr<sub>x</sub>O<sub>3</sub>−0.08K<sub>0.73</sub>Bi<sub>0.09</sub>NbO<sub>3</sub> (BT<sub>1 − x</sub>Z<sub>x</sub>O-KBN), focusing on the values of x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15. These ceramics were prepared via a traditional solid-state process. The highly crystalline and single/mixed-phase structures were validated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement. Surface morphology and compositional homogeneity were examined using high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). Additionally, analysis of grain size using Image J software revealed important connections between microstructure and material characteristics. The study also examined the impact of the frequency and temperature on the dielectric characteristics, to highlight the importance of both operating frequency and thermal stability in the design and application of dielectric materials. Polarization-electric field (P − E) hysteresis loops revealed impressive ferroelectric properties, including a maximum recoverable energy density of 104.41&#xa0;mJ/cm³ (∼0.1&#xa0;J/cm³) for x = 0.05, as well as remarkable energy efficiency of 90.95% for x = 0.15 at room temperature (RT) and 100&#xa0;Hz. Furthermore, the materials demonstrated outstanding stability at temperatures ranging from 30&#xa0;°C to 100&#xa0;°C. These findings underscore the potential of these ceramics for many applications, particularly in energy storage and high-frequency electronic devices.</p>

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Tuning Energy Storage Characteristics of BaTiO3-based Ceramics Through Zr-substitution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • Pooja Sharma,
  • Pawan Sharma,
  • Shalu Kaushik,
  • Satish Khasa,
  • Ashish Agarwal,
  • Sujata Sanghi

摘要

This study explores the synthesis, structural, and functional characterization of poly-crystalline ceramics 0.92BaTi1 − xZrxO3−0.08K0.73Bi0.09NbO3 (BT1 − xZxO-KBN), focusing on the values of x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15. These ceramics were prepared via a traditional solid-state process. The highly crystalline and single/mixed-phase structures were validated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement. Surface morphology and compositional homogeneity were examined using high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). Additionally, analysis of grain size using Image J software revealed important connections between microstructure and material characteristics. The study also examined the impact of the frequency and temperature on the dielectric characteristics, to highlight the importance of both operating frequency and thermal stability in the design and application of dielectric materials. Polarization-electric field (P − E) hysteresis loops revealed impressive ferroelectric properties, including a maximum recoverable energy density of 104.41 mJ/cm³ (∼0.1 J/cm³) for x = 0.05, as well as remarkable energy efficiency of 90.95% for x = 0.15 at room temperature (RT) and 100 Hz. Furthermore, the materials demonstrated outstanding stability at temperatures ranging from 30 °C to 100 °C. These findings underscore the potential of these ceramics for many applications, particularly in energy storage and high-frequency electronic devices.