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<p>The self-organization of a four-component partially ionized dusty plasma consisting of mobile electrons, positive ions, neutrals, and negatively charged static dust particles into a non-force-free double Beltrami (DB) state is explored. The DB state is a linear superposition of two distinct single Beltrami fields, characterized by two self-organized vortices. By considering the plasma species densities typical to earth’s ionosphere, the analysis of the relaxed state shows that densities and invariant helicities of plasma species can control the nature as well as the size of self-organized vortices. Additionally, the potential implications of these DB states are highlighted.</p>

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Double Beltrami Self-Organized Structures in Ionospheric Partially Ionized Dusty Plasma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月6日

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  • Faheem Ahmed,
  • A. Shuaib,
  • Usman Shazad,
  • M. Iqbal

摘要

The self-organization of a four-component partially ionized dusty plasma consisting of mobile electrons, positive ions, neutrals, and negatively charged static dust particles into a non-force-free double Beltrami (DB) state is explored. The DB state is a linear superposition of two distinct single Beltrami fields, characterized by two self-organized vortices. By considering the plasma species densities typical to earth’s ionosphere, the analysis of the relaxed state shows that densities and invariant helicities of plasma species can control the nature as well as the size of self-organized vortices. Additionally, the potential implications of these DB states are highlighted.