Effects of Tapering and Electro-Osmosis on Copper-Suspended Nanofluid Through a Composite Stenosed Artery with Permeable Walls: Exact Solutions

This study investigates the intricate relationships that exist between electro-osmosis, permeability, and tapering effects in the flow characteristics of a copper nanofluid via a composite stenosed artery. Gaining further insight into the intricate interactions of permeability, electro-osmosis, and tapering in stenosed arteries will help enhance treatment regimens. By changing these parameters, interventions can be modified for improved fluid dynamics and nanoparticle transport, improving the care of cardiovascular health. For a better understanding of the main issue, a few constraints are taken into consideration, such as minor stenosis and low Reynolds numbers. Using an exact method, a set of simplified equations has been solved. In order to investigate the parametric influence of the physical elements on the flow properties, graphs have been constructed. It is found that the walls’ shear stress decreases the function of the slip parameter and permeability. It is also noted that for the trapping, boluses are shrunk in size with the factor named as absorption parameter but expanded in case of tapering angle.