Recent Developments and Future Challenges for Perovskite Solar Cells: Physical Insights to Improve PCE

Our heavy reliance on fossil fuels has taken a massive toll on us. The quickly depleting reserve of fossil fuels and its impact on the environment have prompted mankind to look for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Among many renewable energy sources being implicated and investigated in this regard, solar energy has found a special importance, and its implication offers acknowledgement to unlimited energy provided by the sun cantered in our solar system. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are one of the most popularly researched solar cells that have already shown incredible ability to harness solar energy. At the onset, organic-inorganic hybrid PSCs showed great potential but their degradation upon exposure to moisture, heat, oxygen, and even light has cornered them. Recently, CsPbI₃-based PSCs have shown great promise in terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, they do suffer from some sort of instability at ambient conditions. To counteract this dilemma, many strategies are being implemented by scientists around the globe. This review highlights some recent advances in the field of CsPbI₃-based PSCs specifically. In addition to that, some approaches have been suggested that how both the PCE and stability can be improved further.