Introduction <p>The global rush of electronic waste has raised serious health problems and environmental issues, particularly in areas that do not have proper disposal facilities. E-waste contains a wide range of diverse toxic heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic. Chronic or repeated exposure can cause damage to both the nervous and endocrine systems, which may lead to risk factors for neurotoxicity, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and endocrine disruption, by interfering with hormone production.</p> Purpose <p>The purpose of this review is to investigate how exposure to heavy metals from e-waste leads to neurological impairment and endocrine disruption and to highlight recent advances in public health control to combat these risks.</p> Methods <p>Information on this review article was collected from the literature available in online scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, the Wiley Online Library, and Science Direct. The work was chosen on the basis of the inclusion criteria agreed upon by all the authors.</p> Results <p>This study suggested that some heavy metals can penetrate the CNS, which induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell damage that can lead to cognitive dysfunction and neurological disorders. Moreover, these metals are capable of mimicking and blocking hormones, causing endocrine disruption.</p> Conclusion <p>Exposure to heavy metals from e-waste is a growing problem for both endocrine and brain health. Preventive measures should be taken through synergistic efforts involving policy changes, recycling practices, public health interventions, and specific treatments. Identification of these health risks is essential to avoid long-term health effects.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>