Gastroprotective effects of the silver nanoparticles synthesized from Rosa foetida Herrm. against ethanol-induced stomach ulcers

Given their wide availability and range of bioactive reducing metabolites, plant extracts are a promising candidate for the green production of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The objective of the current investigation was to assess Ag NPs’ gastroprotective potential against ethanol-induced stomach ulcers. Rose foetida Herrm. extract was reacted with silver nitrate solution to create the Ag NPs.

The produced nanoparticles have been satisfactorily characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy studies. Five groups of rats—normal, ethanolic, comparison control (receiving ranitidine 50 mg/kg), experimental groups 1 and 2, and Ag NPs at dosages of 5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively—were randomly assigned to the animals. The ulcer index, histological examination, assessment of oxidative stress indicators, antioxidant systems, and certain gastric protection variables were used to look into the gastroprotective effects of Ag NPs.

Pretreatment of ulcerated rats with two doses of Ag NPs specifically reduced the negative effects of stomach damage caused by ethanol, as indicated by a decrease in the ulcer index and an increase in the pH of the gastric juice. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that Ag NPs raised tissue NO, glutathione, catalase activity, and superoxide dismutase while lowering tissue reactive oxygen species, serum nitric oxide, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde levels.

In summary, the available data point to Ag NPs as a novel and potential anti-ulcer agent for use in stomach ulcer therapy in the future.