(Un)equal narratives: Identity, Resource Control, and Ecological Politics in the Jaunsar-Bawar Region in Uttarakhand, India
摘要
Narratives shape the course of contemporary ecological politics by determining whose knowledge and experiences are recognised as legitimate. This article employs narrative as an approach to examine the broader politics of environmental knowledge and how narratives of marginalized groups, such as those of the Jaunsari Harijans, can foster an alternative ecological discourse in India. Jaunsari Harijans, despite not having Scheduled Tribe (ST) status, have developed an intersectional (tribe-caste) identity for themselves by identifying as both Jaunsari and Harijan in the state of Uttarakhand. However, this paper observes that they have historically encountered caste-based oppression from their upper-caste Scheduled Tribe (ST) counterparts across both socio-economic and socio-ecological spheres. Based on a qualitative study, this paper contextualises the marginalisation of Jaunsari Harijans in three broad socio-ecological dimensions: (i) agricultural and ecological labour, (ii) forest access and control of resources, and (iii) degradation of ecological resources. It does so by drawing upon the narratives of marginalisation of Jaunsari Harijans and their marginalised stories in the domain of ecological knowledge. This article further suggests that such unheard narratives can play a pivotal role in the development of new indigenous ecological knowledge from a tribal-caste perspective, aiming to reduce existing socio-ecological inequalities and prevent the contemporary ecological crisis in the region.